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Rifamycin antibiotics and the mechanisms of their failure
The Journal of Antibiotics ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-16 , DOI: 10.1038/s41429-021-00462-x
Rebekah A Adams 1 , Gabrielle Leon 1 , Natalia M Miller 1 , Saira P Reyes 1 , Chantal H Thantrong 1 , Alina M Thokkadam 1 , Annabel S Lemma 1 , Darshan M Sivaloganathan 2 , Xuanqing Wan 1 , Mark P Brynildsen 1, 3
Affiliation  

Rifamycins are a class of antibiotics that were first discovered in 1957 and are known for their use in treating tuberculosis (TB). Rifamycins exhibit bactericidal activity against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by inhibiting RNA polymerase (RNAP); however, resistance is prevalent and the mechanisms range from primary target modification and antibiotic inactivation to cytoplasmic exclusion. Further, phenotypic resistance, in which only a subpopulation of bacteria grow in concentrations exceeding their minimum inhibitory concentration, and tolerance, which is characterized by reduced rates of bacterial cell death, have been identified as additional causes of rifamycin failure. Here we summarize current understanding and recent developments regarding this critical antibiotic class.



中文翻译:

利福霉素抗生素及其失效机制

利福霉素是一类抗生素,于 1957 年首次被发现,以用于治疗结核病 (TB) 而闻名。利福霉素通过抑制 RNA 聚合酶 (RNAP) 对许多革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌表现出杀菌活性;然而,耐药性很普遍,其机制范围从主要目标修饰和抗生素失活到细胞质排斥。此外,表型抗性(其中只有细菌亚群的生长浓度超过其最小抑制浓度)和耐受性(以细菌细胞死亡率降低为特征)已被确定为利福霉素失效的其他原因。在这里,我们总结了对这一关键抗生素类别的当前理解和最新发展。

更新日期:2021-08-16
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