Abstract

Exposure to high concentrations of ambient particulate matters (PMs) has a strong potential to cause adverse respiratory outcomes. Recent PMs increase due to the drying of Urmia Lake remains a major health challenge in the west of Iran. This study was conducted to assess the correlation of the exposure to PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 on respiratory hospitalization in Urmia, Iran. Daily hospital admissions and air pollutants data were collected during the study period. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the risks of hospitalization in exposure to PMs. There was a significant adverse effect between PM₁₀ and asthma hospitalization based on the adjusted and unadjusted models. In the adjusted model, an interquartile range (IQR) increment of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 increased the risk of admissions for asthma by [1.124 (1.062-1.191)] and [1.117 (1.055-1.184)], respectively. The estimated odds ratio for females was 1.5 times higher than males. A comparison of the associated risks of PM_2.5 indicates a significant increase in the group aged 18-60 and >60 years. Not including asthma, a significant correlation was found between all causes of hospitalization and exposure to PM_2.5 during cold seasons. Taken together, the results provide important insights into that exposure to ambient PMs were associated with an increased risk of respiratory hospitalization.

• Highlights

• A case-crossover design was used to evaluate the correlation of PMs and hospital admissions.

• Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the risks.

• The estimated odds ratio for females was 1.5 times higher than males.

• A significant correlation was found between hospitalization and PM_2.5 exposure during cold seasons.

• Group aged 18–60 years and >60 years were faced at more risks in exposure to PM_2.5.

摘要

暴露于高浓度的环境颗粒物 (PM) 中极有可能导致不良的呼吸系统后果。由于乌尔米亚湖干涸，最近 PM 增加仍然是伊朗西部的主要健康挑战。本研究旨在评估暴露于 PM ₁₀和 PM _2.5与伊朗乌尔米亚呼吸系统住院治疗的相关性。在研究期间收集了每日住院人数和空气污染物数据。条件逻辑回归模型用于估计暴露于 PM 的住院风险。根据调整和未调整的模型，PM ₁₀与哮喘住院之间存在显着的不利影响。在调整后的模型中，PM 的四分位距 (IQR) 增量₁₀和 PM _2.5使哮喘入院风险分别增加 [1.124 (1.062-1.191)] 和 [1.117 (1.055-1.184)]。女性的估计优势比是男性的 1.5 倍。PM _2.5相关风险的比较表明，18-60 岁和 60 岁以上的人群显着增加。不包括哮喘，在寒冷季节住院的所有原因与暴露于 PM _2.5之间存在显着相关性。总之，这些结果提供了重要的见解，即暴露于环境 PM 与呼吸系统住院风险增加有关。

• 强调

• 病例交叉设计用于评估 PM 与入院率的相关性。

• 使用条件逻辑回归模型来估计风险。

• 女性的估计优势比是男性的 1.5 倍。

• 在寒冷季节，住院与 PM _2.5暴露之间存在显着相关性。

• 18-60 岁和 60 岁以上的人群面临更多暴露于 PM _{2.5 的}风险。