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“All is Normal”: Sports Mega Events, Favela Territory, and the Afterlives of Public Security Interventions in Rio de Janeiro
City & Society Pub Date : 2021-08-16 , DOI: 10.1111/ciso.12405
Martijn Oosterbaan 1
Affiliation  

This article discusses the changes in Visionário, a favela located near the affluent neighborhoods in Rio de Janeiro, to assess the effects of the Sports Mega Events (SMEs) on the political and economic conditions in the favela. Following Harvey’s (2005) description of “accumulation by dispossession,” several authors have highlighted that the UPP policing program, implemented before the SMEs, was part of neoliberal efforts to colonize favela territory with the prospect of future gain. Visionário has witnessed two consecutive policing programs (GPAE and UPP) in the past twenty years. Both were aimed at disarming the drugs-gang members who attempt to rule the favela by force. The ethnography in this article shows that both policing programs started ambitiously, yet gradually police officers withdrew and gang members reoccupied strategic positions in the favela. As a result, residents learnt to deal with ongoing territorial shifts in a highly dense urban space and with the liminal presence of police officers. In my analysis, I argue that in terms of neoliberal strategies to accumulate favela territory by dispossession, this case suggests a failure, and I analyze the struggle over favela territory as the outcome of contradictory forces connected to global neoliberalization.

中文翻译:

“一切正常”:体育赛事、贫民窟地区和里约热内卢公共安全干预的来世

本文讨论了位于里约热内卢富裕社区附近的贫民窟 Visionário 的变化,以评估大型体育赛事 (SME) 对贫民窟政治和经济状况的影响。继 Harvey (2005) 对“通过剥夺而积累”的描述之后,几位作者强调,在中小企业之前实施的 UPP 警务计划是新自由主义努力的一部分,旨在殖民贫民窟领土,并希望在未来获得收益。Visionário 在过去的二十年中见证了两个连续的警务计划(GPAE 和 UPP)。两者都旨在解除试图以武力统治贫民窟的贩毒团伙成员的武装。本文中的民族志表明,这两个警务计划都雄心勃勃地开始,然而,警察逐渐撤离,帮派成员重新占据了贫民窟的战略位置。结果,居民学会了在高度密集的城市空间中应对持续的领土变化以及警察的有限存在。在我的分析中,我认为就通过剥夺来积累贫民窟领土的新自由主义战略而言,这个案例表明失败,我将贫民窟领土的斗争分析为与全球新自由化相关的矛盾力量的结果。
更新日期:2021-09-27
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