For six decades cardiopulmonary bypass has been manually managed by a perfusionist or an extracorporeal specialist trained in the nuances of circulatory devices, human physiology, physics, and engineering. This process allows for blood to be routinely diverted out of the body, altered, and returned to the circulation with the intention of normalizing the patient’s physiology during the period of extracorporeal support for either surgical or medical intervention for an underlying condition(s). It has worked well over time, benefiting patients of all sizes and shapes. Indeed, cardiopulmonary bypass is considered one of the most significant medical developments of the 20th century that permitted cardiac surgery to develop.¹ Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and ventricular assist platforms were similarly extraordinary offshoots of the technology. However, one important aspect is the control and management of the extracorporeal circuit is done manually.

中文翻译：

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是时候让心肺机自动化了吗？

六十年来，体外循环一直由灌注师或在循环装置、人体生理学、物理学和工程学的细微差别方面受过培训的体外专家手动管理。该过程允许血液常规地转移出体外、改变并返回循环，目的是在针对潜在病症的外科手术或医疗干预的体外支持期间使患者的生理机能正常化。随着时间的推移，它运作良好，使各种体型和体型的患者受益。事实上，体外循环被认为是 20 世纪最重要的医学发展之一，它使心脏手术得以发展。¹体外膜肺氧合 (ECMO) 和心室辅助平台同样是该技术的非凡分支。然而，一个重要的方面是体外回路的控制和管理是手动完成的。