Transcriptome profiling of Vrindavani and Tharparkar cattle (n = 5 each) revealed that more numbers of genes were dysregulated in Vrindavani than in Tharparkar. A contrast in gene expression was observed with 18.9 % of upregulated genes in Vrindavani downregulated in Tharparkar and 17.8% upregulated genes in Tharparkar downregulated in Vrindavani. Functional annotation of genes differentially expressed in Tharparkar and Vrindavani revealed that the systems biology in Tharparkar is moving towards counteracting the effects due to heat stress. Unlike Vrindavani, Tharparkar is not only endowed with higher expression of the scavengers (UBE2G1, UBE2S, and UBE2H) of misfolded proteins but also with protectors (VCP, Serp1, and CALR) of naïve unfolded proteins. Further, higher expression of the antioxidants in Tharparkar enables it to cope up with higher levels of free radicals generated as a result of heat stress. In this study, we found relevant genes dysregulated in Tharparkar in the direction that can counter heat stress.

Vrindavani 和 Tharparkar 牛（每只 n = 5）的转录组分析显示，与 Tharparkar 相比，Vrindavani 中失调的基因数量更多。观察到基因表达的对比，Vrindavani 中 18.9% 的上调基因在 Tharparkar 中下调，Tharparkar 中 17.8% 上调基因在 Vrindavani 中下调。在 Tharparkar 和 Vrindavani 中差异表达的基因的功能注释表明，Tharparkar 的系统生物学正在朝着抵消热应激的影响方向发展。与 Vrindavani 不同，Tharparkar 不仅具有错误折叠蛋白的清除剂（UBE2G1、UBE2S和UBE2H）的更高表达，而且还具有保护剂（VCP、Serp1和CALR）) 的未折叠蛋白质。此外，Tharparkar 中抗氧化剂的更高表达使其能够应对由于热应激而产生的更高水平的自由基。在这项研究中，我们发现 Tharparkar 中相关基因在可以对抗热应激的方向上失调。