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Genetic polymorphism of the extracellular region in surface associated interspersed 1.1 gene of Plasmodium falciparum field isolates from Thailand
Malaria Journal ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-16 , DOI: 10.1186/s12936-021-03876-y
Natpasit Chaianantakul 1 , Tippawan Sungkapong 1 , Jirapinya Changpad 1 , Keawalin Thongma 1 , Sasiwimon Sim-Ut 1 , Morakot Kaewthamasorn 2
Affiliation  

A novel variable surface antigens (VSAs), Surface-associated interspersed proteins (SUFRINs), is a protein that is modified on the surface of infected red blood cell (iRBC). Modified proteins on the iRBC surface cause severe malaria, which can lead to death throughout the life cycle of a malaria parasite. Previous study suggested that SURFIN1.1 is an immunogenic membrane-associated protein which was encoded by using the surf1.1 gene expressed during the trophozoite and schizont stages. This study aimed to identify the regions of SURFIN1.1 and investigate the genetic diversity of the extracellular region of the surf1.1 gene. A total of 32 blood samples from falciparum malaria cases that were diagnosed in Si Sa Ket Province, Thailand were collected. Plasmodium genomic DNA was extracted, and the extracellular region of surf1.1 gene was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A sequence analysis was then performed to obtain the number of haplotypes (H), the haplotype diversity (Hd), and the segregating sites (S), while the average number of nucleotide differences between two sequences (Pi); in addition, neutrality testing, Tajima’s D test, Fu and Li’s D* and F* statistics was also performed. From a total of 32 patient-isolated samples, 31 DNA sequences were obtained and analysed for surf1.1 gene extracellular region polymorphism. Researchers observed six distinct haplotypes in the current research area. Haplotype frequencies were 61.3%, 16.2%, and 12.9% for H1, H2, and H3, respectively. The remaining haplotype (H4-H6) frequency was 3.2% for each haplotype. Hd was 0.598 ± 0.089 with the Pi of 0.00381, and S was 15. The most common amino acid polymorphic site was E251Q; other sites included N48D, I49V, E228D, E235S, L265F, K267T, E276Q, and S288F. Fu and Li’s D* test value was − 1.24255, Fu and Li’s F* test value was − 1.10175, indicating a tendency toward negative balancing selection acting on the surf1.1 N-terminal region. The most polymorphic region was variable 2 (Var2) while cysteine-rich domain (CRD) was conserved in both the amino acid and nucleotide extracellular region of surf1.1 gene. The Thai surf1.1 N-terminal region was well-conserved with only a few polymorphic sites remaining. In this study, the data regarding current bearing on the polymorphism of extracellular region of surf1.1 gene were reported, which might impact the biological roles of P. falciparum. In addition, may possibly serve as a suitable candidate for future development of SURFIN-based vaccines regarding malaria control.

中文翻译:

泰国恶性疟原虫田间分离株表面相关散布1.1基因胞外区遗传多态性

一种新型可变表面抗原 (VSA),即表面相关散布蛋白 (SUFRIN),是一种在受感染的红细胞 (iRBC) 表面进行修饰的蛋白质。iRBC 表面的修饰蛋白会导致严重的疟疾,这可能会导致疟疾寄生虫在整个生命周期中死亡。先前的研究表明,SURFIN1.1 是一种免疫原性膜相关蛋白,它是由在滋养体和裂殖体阶段表达的 surf1.1 基因编码的。本研究旨在确定SURFIN1.1 的区域并调查surf1.1 基因胞外区的遗传多样性。总共收集了来自泰国 Si Sa Ket 省诊断出的恶性疟疾病例的 32 份血液样本。提取疟原虫基因组DNA,并提取surf1的细胞外区域。使用聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 扩增 1 基因。然后进行序列分析以获得单倍型数量(H)、单倍型多样性(Hd)和分离位点(S),以及两个序列之间核苷酸差异的平均数量(Pi);此外,还进行了中性检验、Tajima 的 D 检验、Fu 和 Li 的 D* 和 F* 统计。从总共 32 个患者分离的样本中,获得了 31 个 DNA 序列并分析了 surf1.1 基因细胞外区域多态性。研究人员在当前研究领域观察到六种不同的单倍型。H1、H2 和 H3 的单倍型频率分别为 61.3%、16.2% 和 12.9%。每个单倍型的剩余单倍型 (H4-H6) 频率为 3.2%。Hd 为 0.598 ± 0.089,Pi 为 0.00381,S 为 15。最常见的氨基酸多态位点是 E251Q;其他站点包括 N48D、I49V、E228D、E235S、L265F、K267T、E276Q 和 S288F。Fu 和 Li 的 D* 测试值为 - 1.24255,Fu 和 Li 的 F * 测试值为 - 1.10175,表明对 surf1.1 N 末端区域有负平衡选择的趋势。多态性最强的区域是变量 2 (Var2),而富含半胱氨酸的结构域 (CRD) 在 surf1.1 基因的氨基酸和核苷酸胞外区均保守。Thai surf1.1 N 端区域保存完好,仅剩下几个多态位点。本研究报告了当前与surf1.1基因胞外区多态性相关的数据,可能影响恶性疟原虫的生物学作用。此外,
更新日期:2021-08-16
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