Biochar (BC) has attracted much attention as an environmentally friendly material for application in wastewater treatment. In this study, a suitability of wood-derived BC as a support for covalent immobilization of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) across glutaraldehide as crosslinker, known for the capability to remove phenol from water, was investigated. The efficiency of the immobilized HRP in removal of phenol (2 mM) from water at different reaction conditions (varying dosages of polyethylene glycol (PEG300) 0−750 mg/L; H₂O₂ 1.5–3.5 mM, as well as reaction time 5−120 min) and the general toxicity of bio-treated water (Allium cepa test) were measured. All analyzes were performed for free enzyme as well. The immobilized enzyme showed the highest activity at temperature 30 °C and pH 7.0. The greatest efficiency of immobilized enzyme in phenol removing (90 %) was obtained by applying 2.5 mM H₂O₂ and 1.5 mg/L of PEG300 at pH 7.0 after 2 h of reaction period. After 4 washings, immobilized HRP retained more than 79 % activity with phenol removal of 64 %. Utilizing immobilized enzyme significantly reduces the toxicity of the tested water (80 %), which further suggested that it might be considered as an environmentally acceptable process for wastewater treatment. Possible degradation products remained in treated water were analyzed in water samples by liquid and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry, including also analysis of volatiles by solid phase microextraction technique; different phenol-base compounds were detected.

生物炭（BC）作为一种用于废水处理的环保材料而备受关注。在这项研究中，研究了木材来源的 BC 作为辣根过氧化物酶 (HRP) 共价固定跨戊二醛作为交联剂的支持物的适用性，该交联剂以从水中去除苯酚的能力而闻名。在不同反应条件下（不同剂量的聚乙二醇 (PEG300) 0-750 mg/L；H ₂ O ₂ 1.5–3.5 mM，以及反应时间），固定化 HRP 从水中去除苯酚 (2 mM) 的效率5-120 分钟）和生物处理水的一般毒性（洋葱）测试）进行测量。也对游离酶进行所有分析。固定化酶在温度 30 °C 和 pH 7.0 时表现出最高的活性。通过应用 2.5 mM H ₂ O ₂获得固定化酶去除苯酚的最大效率 (90 %)和 1.5 mg/L 的 PEG300 在 pH 7.0 反应 2 小时后。4 次洗涤后，固定化 HRP 保留了超过 79% 的活性，苯酚去除率为 64%。利用固定化酶显着降低了测试水的毒性（80%），这进一步表明它可能被认为是一种环保的废水处理工艺。通过液相和气相色谱和质谱分析水样中残留在处理水中的可能降解产物，包括固相微萃取技术分析挥发物；检测到不同的酚碱化合物。