Mechanical manufacturing processes and their production machinery are noisy. The noise always stems from transient forces that excite the structure to vibrations, emitting sound waves into the environment due to vibrations on the surface. Noise emission is today considered as a quality defect of machinery and thus methods and means are sought to mitigate the noise emission to a level compatible with human operators. On the other hand as the noise origin is the process itself, the emitted noise has a signal content that directly indicates the status of the process and sometimes also the health state of the machine and its elements. Noise reduction today is still fairly experience based, which requires generating a good understanding of noise generation, noise transmission and noise radiation and is discussed in this paper. Measurement of noise and its analysis are indispensable for the traceback to the origin to focus the countermeasures but also to reveal the signal content out of the sound waves. Noise prediction is still at the threshold of industrial application, but will in future play a major role for including noise topics into the design from the beginning and not only as corrective measures after the machine is built. Available simulation tools are presented in this paper. The greatest progress in this respect stems from room acoustics and the automotive industry, where the requirements are much stricter than in the manufacturing environment. Ways and achievements in the utilization of noise signals for process and machine health monitoring will also be presented. The industry seeks here for broad band sensors, able to carry large amounts of easy to retrieve signals to reduce the number of additional sensors. Typical standards today collect countermeasures being applied for spreading the knowledge generated for intuitive approaches. The paper also shows future trends and developments and the research required in that field.

机械制造过程及其生产机械噪音很大。噪音总是源于激发结构振动的瞬态力，由于表面的振动，将声波发射到环境中。噪音排放今天被认为是机械的质量缺陷，因此寻求方法和手段将噪音排放降低到与人类操作员兼容的水平。另一方面，由于噪声源是过程本身，发出的噪声具有直接指示过程状态的信号内容，有时也指示机器及其元件的健康状态。今天的降噪仍然是相当基于经验的，这需要对噪声产生、噪声传输和噪声辐射有很好的理解，本文将对此进行讨论。噪声的测量及其分析对于回溯源头以集中对策和揭示声波中的信号内容是必不可少的。噪声预测仍处于工业应用的门槛，但未来将在从一开始就将噪声主题纳入设计中发挥重要作用，而不仅仅是作为机器建成后的纠正措施。本文介绍了可用的仿真工具。这方面最大的进步源于室内声学和汽车行业，它们的要求比制造环境严格得多。还将介绍利用噪声信号进行过程和机器健康监测的方法和成就。业界在这里寻求宽带传感器，能够携带大量易于检索的信号，以减少附加传感器的数量。今天的典型标准收集了用于传播为直观方法生成的知识的对策。该论文还展示了该领域的未来趋势和发展以及所需的研究。