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Transcription-coupled DNA double-strand break repair
DNA Repair ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103211
Shalini Guha 1 , Sukesh R Bhaumik 1
Affiliation  

The genomic DNA is constantly under attack by cellular and/or environmental factors. Fortunately, the cell is armed to safeguard its genome by various mechanisms such as nucleotide excision, base excision, mismatch and DNA double-strand break repairs. While these processes maintain the integrity of the genome throughout, DNA repair occurs preferentially faster at the transcriptionally active genes. Such transcription-coupled repair phenomenon plays important roles to maintain active genome integrity, failure of which would interfere with transcription, leading to an altered gene expression (and hence cellular pathologies/diseases). Among the various DNA damages, DNA double-strand breaks are quite toxic to the cells. If DNA double-strand break occurs at the active gene, it would interfere with transcription/gene expression, thus threatening cellular viability. Such DNA double-strand breaks are found to be repaired faster at the active gene in comparison to its inactive state or the inactive gene, thus supporting the existence of a new phenomenon of transcription-coupled DNA double-strand break repair. Here, we describe the advances of this repair process.



中文翻译:

转录偶联 DNA 双链断裂修复

基因组 DNA 不断受到细胞和/或环境因素的攻击。幸运的是,细胞可以通过核苷酸切除、碱基切除、错配和 DNA 双链断裂修复等各种机制来保护其基因组。虽然这些过程始终保持基因组的完整性,但 DNA 修复优先在转录活性基因处发生得更快。这种转录偶联修复现象在维持活跃的基因组完整性方面发挥着重要作用,其失败会干扰转录,导致基因表达改变(从而导致细胞病理学/疾病)。在各种DNA损伤中,DNA双链断裂对细胞的毒性很大。如果 DNA 双链断裂发生在活性基因上,它会干扰转录/基因表达,从而威胁细胞活力。与非活性状态或非活性基因相比,发现这种DNA双链断裂在活性基因处修复得更快,从而支持转录偶联DNA双链断裂修复的新现象的存在。在这里,我们描述了这种修复过程的进展。

更新日期:2021-08-13
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