The Teukolsky master equation describes the dynamics of massless fields with spin on a Kerr black hole. Under separation of variables, spin-reversal for this equation is accomplished through the so-called Teukolsky–Starobinsky identities. These identities are associated to the so-called Teukolsky–Starobinsky constants, which are spin-dependent. We collect some properties of the Teukolsky–Starobinsky constants and dispel some myths present in the literature. We show that, contrary to popular belief, these constants can be negative for spin larger than 2. Such fields thus exhibit a novel form of energy amplification which occurs for non-superradiant frequencies.

Teukolsky 主方程描述了在克尔黑洞上自旋的无质量场的动力学。在变量分离下，该方程的自旋反转是通过所谓的 Teukolsky-Starobinsky 恒等式完成的。这些恒等式与所谓的 Teukolsky-Starobinsky 常数有关，它们是自旋相关的。我们收集了 Teukolsky-Starobinsky 常数的一些属性并消除了文献中存在的一些神话。我们表明，与普遍的看法相反，这些常数对于大于 2 的自旋可能为负。因此，此类场表现出一种新形式的能量放大，这种形式发生在非超辐射频率上。