This paper presents a didactic treatment of the rigid diatomic molecule under the action of an external electric field. We discuss the role of a new constant of motion that is valid when the electric field breaks spherical symmetry. We obtain the wave functions and the energies in the radial direction as well as the angular degrees of freedom, the latter corresponding to the eigenvalue spectrum of the new constant of motion. We apply the theory of the HBr molecule, and plot some of its eigenfunctions to show how they deform under the presence of an electric field. We calculate the wave lengths of the absorbed electromagnetic radiation in the transition of the first and second excited states and with different field values.

本文介绍了在外电场作用下刚性双原子分子的教学处理。我们讨论了当电场破坏球对称时有效的新运动常数的作用。我们获得波函数和径向能量以及角自由度，后者对应于新运动常数的特征值谱。我们应用 HBr 分子的理论，并绘制其一些本征函数以显示它们在存在电场的情况下如何变形。我们计算了在第一和第二激发态跃迁和不同场值下吸收的电磁辐射的波长。