Economic diversification is seen as imperative to reduce resource-dependent economies’ vulnerability to a broader resource curse. Despite its importance, we know surprisingly little about the relationship between natural resource-dependence and economic diversification. The few insights that exist, remain on a country-level. But, since the importance of natural resource extraction differs across regions in the same country, it would be odd to assume that the effects of extractive industries on the diversification performance would be felt evenly countrywide. Also, extractive regions in the same country can manage to develop new non-extractive industries with varying success. Understanding this relationship on a regional level is important in order to identify conditions under which diversification of extractive regions is likely to materialize. This paper therefore aims to bring the study of the relationship between extractive industries and diversification to a regional level. To this end, we analyze how the regional importance of extractive industries has affected the entrance of non-extractive industries to Vietnamese provinces between 2006 and 2010. Furthermore, the study investigates to what extent region-specific conditions – that is the regional industrial profile and institutions - moderate the effect of the regional presence of extractive industries on regional diversification. Our findings reveal that extractive industries tend to constrain non-extractive industry entries on a regional level. However, the results also show that adequate regional institutions can moderate this negative effect on the regional diversification performance. Thereby the study underlines the need and value of studying the relationship between extractive industries and diversification also on a regional level.

经济多样化被视为减少依赖资源的经济体对更广泛的资源诅咒的脆弱性的必要条件。尽管它很重要，但我们对自然资源依赖与经济多样化之间的关系却知之甚少。现有的少数见解仍停留在国家层面。但是，由于自然资源开采的重要性在同一国家的不同地区之间存在差异，因此假设采掘业对多元化绩效的影响会在全国范围内平均感受到，这将是很奇怪的。此外，同一国家的采掘区可以设法发展新的非采掘业，并取得不同程度的成功。在区域层面了解这种关系对于确定采掘区多样化可能实现的条件非常重要。因此，本文旨在将采掘业与多样化之间关系的研究带到区域层面。为此，我们分析了 2006 年至 2010 年间采掘业的区域重要性如何影响非采掘业进入越南各省。此外，该研究调查了区域特定条件（即区域工业概况和机构 - 缓和采掘业的区域存在对区域多样化的影响。我们的研究结果表明，采掘业往往会在区域层面限制非采掘业的进入。然而，结果也表明，适当的区域机构可以缓和这种对区域多元化绩效的负面影响。