ABSTRACT

Full mineralization of organic pollutants is a tough task with existing technologies. Even if all conventional energies and extremes are exhausted, high-temperature wastewater treatment is not worth the loss from the perspective of energy. Solar engineering holds promise for the full mineralization of organic pollutants to tackle the global fossil energy shortage. Here, we report solar engineering for full mineralization and efficient solar utilization. The solar energies and spectrum were fully utilized to initiate the solar heat and solar electricity. Two energies were applied to trigger the thermochemical and electrochemical oxidation of the organic pollutants. Our study bridges the gap between the energy and environment towards efficient solar utilization and effective water treatment. As a proof-of-concept study, this demonstrates a solar engineering of full phenol mineralization in wastewater. A record phenol mineralization rate was achieved to reach an oxidation rate of 98% and COD of 93% under a constant current density of 50mA/cm² at 150°C. UV and HPLC were used to detect the intermediate products during variable time intervals. The results showed that the intermediate products are composed of maleic acid, hydroquinone and p-benzoquinone. In the extreme high temperature (90°C), the solar oxidation time and pathway are greatly altered. The reaction rate constant at 150°C is about 11 times than that at 90°C. More solar heat significantly reduces the activated energy of the pollutant oxidation and lowers the potential of electrolysis.

摘要

利用现有技术，有机污染物的完全矿化是一项艰巨的任务。即使所有的常规能源和极端能源都耗尽，高温废水处理从能源的角度来看也是得不偿失的。太阳能工程有望使有机污染物完全矿化，从而解决全球化石能源短缺问题。在这里，我们报告了完全矿化和高效太阳能利用的太阳能工程。充分利用太阳能和光谱来启动太阳能热和太阳能发电。应用两种能量来触发有机污染物的热化学和电化学氧化。我们的研究弥合了能源与环境之间的差距，以实现高效的太阳能利用和有效的水处理。作为概念验证研究，这展示了废水中苯酚完全矿化的太阳能工程。创纪录的苯酚矿化率，在 50mA/cm 的恒定电流密度下达到 98% 的氧化率和 93% 的 COD²在 150°C。UV 和 HPLC 用于在可变时间间隔内检测中间产物。结果表明，中间产物由马来酸、对苯二酚和对苯醌组成。在极端高温（90°C）下，太阳氧化时间和途径发生了很大变化。150℃时的反应速率常数约为90℃时的11倍。更多的太阳能热量显着降低了污染物氧化的活化能并降低了电解的潜力。