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Response of Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolia) and four mangrove species to imazamox and carfentrazone-ethyl herbicides
Invasive Plant Science and Management ( IF 1.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-19 , DOI: 10.1017/inp.2021.22
Stephen F. Enloe 1 , James K. Leary 2 , Candice M. Prince 2 , Benjamin P. Sperry 3 , Dwight K. Lauer 4
Affiliation  

Mangroves are a critical component of many coastal ecosystems in Florida. Woody species, including Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi), have invaded thousands of hectares of mangrove habitat. The difficulty associated with ground-based management of invasive plants in mangrove communities has warranted a need to identify selective herbicides that can be applied aerially. Recent work suggests that Florida mangrove species are extremely sensitive to synthetic auxin herbicides; however, other herbicides have yet to be tested for selectivity. Greenhouse studies in 2018 and 2019 evaluated broadcast foliar applications of the acetolactate synthase inhibitor imazamox and protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor carfentrazone-ethyl, both as individual treatments and in combinations, for control of S. terebinthifolia and injury to four non-target mangrove species. Across all posttreatment sample dates and species tested, there were no significant interactions between imazamox applied at 0.28 or 0.56 kg ai ha−1 in combination with carfentrazone-ethyl applied at 0 or 0.1 kg ha−1. Main effects of imazamox applied at 0.56 kg ai ha−1 and carfentrazone-ethyl applied at 0.1 kg ha−1 resulted in 99% and 97% defoliation, respectively, of Schinus terebinthifolia at 180 DAT. However, S. terebinthifolia percent survival was 56% and 44% for the same treatments. Both herbicides severely injured all four mangroves by 90 DAT and resulted in 58% to 100% defoliation across species. At 180 DAT, significant increases in percent cambium kill were also observed for all four species. Across species, mangrove survival varied, but red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle L.) survival was reduced to 6% when imazamox was applied at 0.56 kg ha−1. These results indicate both imazamox and carfentrazone-ethyl exhibit activity on S. terebinthifolia but also injure all four mangroves enough to preclude their use as selective treatments.

中文翻译:

巴西胡椒树 (Schinus terebinthifolia) 和 4 种红树树种对咪草啶酸和氟磺草胺除草剂的反应

红树林是佛罗里达州许多沿海生态系统的重要组成部分。木本植物,包括巴西胡椒树(石竹Raddi),入侵了数千公顷的红树林栖息地。与红树林群落中入侵植物的地面管理相关的困难需要确定可以空中施用的选择性除草剂。最近的研究表明,佛罗里达红树林物种对合成生长素除草剂极为敏感。然而,其他除草剂的选择性还有待测试。2018 年和 2019 年的温室研究评估了乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂咪草啶酸和原卟啉原氧化酶抑制剂卡芬曲松的播撒叶面应用,无论是作为单独治疗还是联合治疗,以控制S. terebinthifolia以及对四种非目标红树林物种的伤害。在所有处理后的样本日期和测试的物种中,在 0.28 或 0.56 kg ai ha 施用的咪草啶酸之间没有显着的相互作用-1与 0 或 0.1 kg ha 施用的 carfentrazone-ethyl 联合使用-1. 以 0.56 kg ai ha 施用的咪草啶酸的主要作用-1和以 0.1 kg ha 施用的氟唑草酮-1分别导致 99% 和 97% 的落叶石竹在 180 DAT。然而,S. terebinthifolia相同治疗的存活率分别为 56% 和 44%。两种除草剂在 90 DAT 时都严重伤害了所有四棵红树林,导致物种间 58% 到 100% 的落叶。在 180 DAT 时,还观察到所有四个物种的形成层杀灭百分比显着增加。在不同的物种中,红树林的存活率各不相同,但红树林 (根瘤菌L.) 当以 0.56 kg ha 施用咪草啶酸时,存活率降低至 6%-1. 这些结果表明咪草啶酸和卡芬曲松都表现出对S. terebinthifolia但也会对所有四棵红树林造成足够的伤害,使其无法用作选择性治疗。
更新日期:2021-07-19
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