When the welfare state is under attack from neoliberal reformers, how can trade unionists and other campaigners build solidarity to defend it? Based on 45 qualitative interviews, this article compares campaigns to defend British health services and social security benefits between 2007 and 2016. Building on the macro-insights of comparative welfare-state literature and the more micro-level insights of studies on mobilisation, community unionism and union strategy, it examines the factors that help or hinder the construction of solidarity. This research finds that building solidarity is more difficult when defending targeted benefits than universal ones, not only because of differences in public opinion and political support for services, but also because the labour process associated with targeting benefits, namely the assessing and sanctioning of clients, can generate conflicts among campaigners.

当福利国家受到新自由主义改革者的攻击时，工会主义者和其他活动家如何团结起来捍卫它？本文基于 45 次定性访谈，比较了 2007 年至 2016 年间捍卫英国医疗服务和社会保障福利的运动。基于比较福利国家文献的宏观见解和动员、社区工会主义研究的微观见解和工会战略，它检查了有助于或阻碍团结建设的因素。这项研究发现，在捍卫目标利益时，建立团结比维护普遍利益更难，这不仅是因为公众舆论和对服务的政治支持存在差异，而且还因为与目标利益相关的劳动过程，