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Cognitive and Executive Contributions to Trail-Making Task Performance on Adolescents With and Without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Journal of Attention Disorders ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-12 , DOI: 10.1177/10870547211036743
Grace Harvie 1 , Taylor A Braund 2 , Michael R Kohn 3, 4 , Mayuresh S Korgaonkar 1 , Simon Clarke 3, 4 , Leanne M Williams 5, 6 , Kristi R Griffiths 1
Affiliation  

Objective:

The trail making task is used to assess executive functioning in ADHD youth, yet has only been validated in adult populations. We compare the relative contributions of various cognitive measures to performance on a trail making task analog, the Switching of Attention (SoA) task, in typically-developing and ADHD adolescents.

Method:

Participants were 160 adolescents with ADHD from the International Study to Predict Optimized Treatment—in ADHD, assessed at pretreatment baseline and 6-week medicated follow-up, and 160 matched typically-developing peers. Attention, processing speed, working memory, impulsivity, and motor speed were assessed using a cognitive battery.

Results:

Processing speed and working memory significantly contributed to SoA performance in ADHD, regardless of medication status. While medicated, motor speed also underpinned the prediction of most task measures. For typically-developing adolescents, sustained attention and working memory contributed to SoA performance.

Conclusion:

Typically-developing, unmedicated and treated ADHD adolescents recruit different aspects of cognition during SoA completion.



中文翻译:

有和没有注意缺陷多动障碍的青少年的跟踪任务表现的认知和执行贡献

客观的:

线索制作任务用于评估 ADHD 青年的执行功能,但仅在成年人群中得到验证。我们比较了各种认知测量对典型发展和 ADHD 青少年的跟踪任务模拟、注意力切换 (SoA) 任务的相对贡献。

方法:

参与者是来自预测优化治疗的国际研究中的 160 名患有 ADHD 的青少年——在 ADHD 中,在治疗前基线和 6 周的药物随访中进行评估,以及 160 名匹配的典型发育同龄人。使用认知电池评估注意力、处理速度、工作记忆、冲动和运动速度。

结果:

无论药物状态如何,处理速度和工作记忆对 ADHD 的 SoA 性能有显着影响。在服药的同时,运动速度也支持了大多数任务测量的预测。对于发育正常的青少年来说,持续的注意力和工作记忆有助于 SoA 的表现。

结论:

通常发育、未接受药物治疗和治疗的 ADHD 青少年在 SoA 完成期间会招募不同方面的认知。

更新日期:2021-08-13
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