Electron-deficient N-heteroaromatic polymers are crucial for the high-tech applications of organic materials, especially in the electronic and optoelectronic fields. Thus, the development of new polymerizations to afford adaptable electron-donating–accepting scaffolds in N-heteroaromatic polymers is in high demand. Herein, we have developed metal-free multicomponent polymerizations of diynes, diamines, and glyoxylates successfully for in situ generation of poly(quinoline)s with high molecular weights (M_w up to 16,900) in nearly quantitative yields. By tuning the electron distributions of the polymer backbones, the resulting poly(quinoline)s showed various aggregation-induced behaviors and photoresponsive abilities: The thin films of the poly(quinoline)s could be fabricated readily into well-resolved photopatterns by photolithography techniques. They could be utilized as fluorescent probes to visualize the morphologies of polymer materials directly; these include spherulites and microphase separation of polymer blends. Their nanoparticles demonstrated sensitive and highly selective fluorescence quenching to hexavalent chromium ion Cr(VI), thereby providing access for biological imaging of Cr(VI) in unicellular algae.

缺电子N-杂芳族聚合物对于有机材料的高科技应用至关重要，尤其是在电子和光电领域。因此，迫切需要开发新的聚合反应以在N-杂芳族聚合物中提供适应性强的供电子支架。在此，我们成功地开发了二炔、二胺和乙醛酸酯的无金属多组分聚合，用于原位生成高分子量 ( M _w高达 16,900) 的产量几乎是定量的。通过调整聚合物骨架的电子分布，所得聚（喹啉）s 显示出各种聚集诱导行为和光响应能力：聚（喹啉）s 的薄膜可以通过光刻技术轻松制造成分辨率良好的光图案。它们可以用作荧光探针，直接观察聚合物材料的形态；这些包括球晶和聚合物共混物的微相分离。他们的纳米粒子对六价铬离子 Cr(VI) 表现出灵敏且高度选择性的荧光猝灭，从而为单细胞藻类中 Cr(VI) 的生物成像提供了途径。