Waste graphite rods from waste batteries, acting as a source of graphite, were electrochemically exfoliated to synthesize graphene. Mesoporous graphene with a pore size of 14.81 Å and a surface area of 710.396 m²g⁻¹ was chosen for adsorptive studies involving toxic dyes, Brilliant Blue (BB) and Malachite Green (MG), by varying the graphene dosage, contact period, temperature, pH, and the concentration of the dye solution. The maximum adsorption capacities reported were 120 mg g_BB⁻¹ and 342 mg g_MG⁻¹, with dye removal rates of BB and MG greater than 99 and 98 %, respectively. Adsorption occurred as multilayer, following the Freundlich isotherm model, and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted best, indicating chemisorption. Thermodynamic studies reveal an exothermic, spontaneous, and chemical adsorption.

中文翻译：

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废电池剥离纳米石墨烯对亮蓝和孔雀石绿的吸附

来自废电池的废石墨棒作为石墨的来源，经过电化学剥离以合成石墨烯。选择孔径为 14.81 Å、表面积为 710.396 m ² g ^{-1 的}介孔石墨烯进行涉及有毒染料、亮蓝 (BB) 和孔雀石绿 (MG) 的吸附研究，通过改变石墨烯用量、接触时间、温度、pH 值和染料溶液的浓度。报告的最大吸附容量为 120 mg g _BB ^-1和 342 mg g _MG ^-1, BB 和 MG 的染料去除率分别大于 99% 和 98%。吸附以多层形式发生，遵循 Freundlich 等温线模型，伪二级动力学模型最适合，表明是化学吸附。热力学研究揭示了放热、自发和化学吸附。