Mitochondrial disease comprises a wide range of genetic disorders caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. Its rarity, however, has limited the ability to assess its effects on clinical outcomes. To evaluate this relationship, we collected data from the 2016 National Inpatient Sample, which includes data from >7 million hospital stays. We identified 705 patients (mean age, 22 ± 20.7 yr; 54.2% female; 67.4% white) whose records included the ICD-10-CM code E88.4. We also identified a propensity-matched cohort of 705 patients without mitochondrial disease to examine the effect of mitochondrial disease on major adverse cardiovascular events, including all-cause in-hospital death, cardiac arrest, and acute congestive heart failure.

Patients with mitochondrial disease were at significantly greater risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (odds ratio [OR]=2.42; 95% CI, 1.29–4.57; P=0.005), systolic heart failure (OR=2.37; 95% CI, 1.08–5.22; P=0.027), and all-cause in-hospital death (OR=14.22; 95% CI, 1.87–108.45; P<0.001).

These findings suggest that mitochondrial disease significantly increases the risk of inpatient major adverse cardiovascular events.

线粒体疾病包括由线粒体功能障碍引起的多种遗传疾病。然而，它的稀有性限制了评估其对临床结果的影响的能力。为了评估这种关系，我们从 2016 年全国住院患者样本中收集了数据，其中包括超过 700 万次住院的数据。我们确定了 705 名患者（平均年龄，22 ± 20.7 岁；54.2% 女性；67.4% 白人），其记录包括 ICD-10-CM 代码 E88.4。我们还确定了一个由 705 名无线粒体疾病患者组成的倾向匹配队列，以检查线粒体疾病对主要不良心血管事件的影响，包括全因院内死亡、心脏骤停和急性充血性心力衰竭。

线粒体疾病患者发生主要不良心血管事件的风险显着更高（比值比 [OR]=2.42；95% CI，1.29–4.57；P = 0.005）、收缩性心力衰竭（OR=2.37；95% CI，1.08– 5.22；P =0.027）和全因院内死亡（OR=14.22；95% CI，1.87–108.45；P <0.001）。

这些发现表明，线粒体疾病显着增加了住院患者发生主要不良心血管事件的风险。