当前位置: X-MOL 学术Rev. Fish. Sci. Aquac. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Pugheadedness in Fishes
Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture ( IF 11.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-11 , DOI: 10.1080/23308249.2021.1957772
Joacim Näslund 1 , Laith A. Jawad 2
Affiliation  

Abstract

This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of pugheadedness in fish. Records in the scientific literature range from detailed descriptions to brief notes and mere remarks. In total, at least 164 species from 60 families were identified to exhibit pugheadedness, with records published over a span of 465 years (1555 − 2020). The main osteological feature behind pugheadedness appears to be shortening or deformation of the parasphenoid bone, which leads to additional deformations of the ethmovomer- and frontal region. Several other deformations and abnormalities of other cranial bones, eyes, and tongue are occasionally observed, depending on the severity of the pugheadedness. Possible cases in elasmobranchs are also encountered, although the developmental causation may differ from actinopterygians, since their crania have a different organization. Natural cases of pugheadedness are found world-wide, covering a wide range of environments and lifestyles (freshwater-, brackish- and marine environments; benthic, neritic and pelagic species). Cases are found in all life-stages, from embryo to mature adults, suggesting that it does not necessarily lead to early-life mortality. There is some evidence for natural selection acting against pugheaded individuals, likely because of e.g. inappropriately functioning mouth parts, sense organs, and possibly brain deformation. High numbers of pugheads are mainly found in aquaculture, but moderate numbers have been found at some localities also in the wild. Abnormally high occurrence in the wild is commonly attributed to pollution, non-normal water chemistry parameters, or temperature. The causation, however, it typically speculated upon. Based on the reviewed literature, there is support for several causative factors, including genetic mutation and embryonic environmental conditions (toxic and non-toxic) affecting development. Pugheadedness, as the term has been used in the literature, is not a single well-defined pathology, but rather a suite of pathological conditions with similar phenotypic expression.



中文翻译:

鱼类的顽固性

摘要

这篇综述总结了目前关于鱼类顽固性的知识状况。科学文献中的记录范围从详细的描述到简短的注释和单纯的评论。总共确定了来自 60 个科的至少 164 个物种表现出顽皮性,记录的发表时间跨度为 465 年(1555 - 2020 年)。pugheaded 背后的主要骨学特征似乎是蝶骨的缩短或变形,这导致了 ethmovomer 和额叶区域的额外变形。偶尔会观察到其他颅骨、眼睛和舌头的其他变形和异常,具体取决于顽固性的严重程度。也遇到了可能发生在 elasmobranchs 的病例,尽管发育原因可能与放线翅目动物不同,因为他们的头盖骨有不同的组织。pugheaded 自然病例遍布世界各地,涵盖广泛的环境和生活方式(淡水、咸水和海洋环境;底栖、浅海和中上层物种)。从胚胎到成年成年人的所有生命阶段都发现了病例,这表明它不一定会导致生命早期死亡。有一些证据表明自然选择对顽固的个体起作用,可能是因为嘴部、感觉器官功能不正常,还可能是大脑变形。大量的哈巴狗主要在水产养殖中发现,但在一些地方也在野外发现了中等数量的哈巴狗。野外异常高的发生率通常归因于污染、非正常的水化学参数或温度。然而,因果关系,它通常推测。根据所审查的文献,支持几个致病因素,包括影响发育的基因突变和胚胎环境条件(有毒和无毒)。Pugheadedness,正如文献中使用的术语,不是单一的明确定义的病理学,而是具有相似表型表达的一组病理学状况。

更新日期:2021-08-11
down
wechat
bug