Introduction:

Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) is now considered a reasonable option to salvage acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, we lack a rodent model for experimental studies. This study was undertaken to establish an animal model of VV ECMO in ARDS rats.

Methods:

A total of 18 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (350 ± 50 g) were used in this study. Using a rat model of oleic acid (OA)-induced ARDS, VV ECMO was established through cavoatrial cannulation of the right jugular vein for venous drainage and venous reinfusion with a specially designed three-cavity catheter. Continuous arterial pressure monitoring was implemented by using a catheter through cannulation of the right femoral artery. The central temperature was monitored with a rectal probe. Arterial blood gas monitoring was implemented by a blood gas analyzer at three-time points: at baseline, 1-hour (after OA modeling), and 3.5-hour (after VV ECMO support). Lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were harvested respectively for protein concentration and pulmonary histologic evaluation to confirm the alleviation of lung injury during VV ECMO.

Results:

Following ARDS induced by OA, ten rats were successfully established on VV ECMO without failure and survived the ECMO procedure. VV ECMO alleviated lung injury and restored adequate circulation for the return of lung function and oxygenation. VV ECMO was associated with decreased lung injury score, wet/dry weight ratio, and fluid leakage into airspaces.

Conclusion:

We have established a reliable, economical, and functioning ARDS rat model of VV ECMO.

中文翻译：

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急性呼吸窘迫综合征大鼠模型静脉体外膜肺氧合的建立

介绍：

静脉体外膜肺氧合 (VV ECMO) 现在被认为是挽救急性呼吸窘迫综合征 (ARDS) 的合理选择。然而，我们缺乏用于实验研究的啮齿动物模型。本研究旨在建立 ARDS 大鼠 VV ECMO 动物模型。

方法：

本研究共使用了 18 只 Sprague-Dawley (SD) 大鼠 (350 ± 50 g)。使用油酸 (OA) 诱导的 ARDS 大鼠模型，通过右颈静脉的腔室插管建立 VV ECMO，使用专门设计的三腔导管进行静脉引流和静脉回流。通过在右股动脉插管使用导管来实施连续动脉压监测。用直肠探针监测中心温度。动脉血气监测由血气分析仪在三个时间点进行：基线、1 小时（OA 建模后）和 3.5 小时（VV ECMO 支持后）。分别采集肺组织和支气管肺泡灌洗液进行蛋白浓度和肺组织学评估，以证实VV ECMO期间肺损伤的减轻。

结果：

在 OA 诱发 ARDS 后，10 只大鼠在 VV ECMO 上成功建立，没有失败，并在 ECMO 程序中存活下来。VV ECMO 减轻了肺损伤并恢复了足够的循环以恢复肺功能和氧合作用。VV ECMO 与肺损伤评分、湿/干重比和液体渗漏到空气空间的降低有关。

结论：

我们已经建立了一个可靠、经济、有效的 VV ECMO ARDS 大鼠模型。