Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) is a new type of metal nanomaterials used in the biomedical field. Compared with ordinary metal materials and other metal nanomaterials, AuNP can be very unique. AuNP has been proven to have good performance against a variety of pathogens, and research on its antibacterial activity and mechanism has also become a hot topic in recent years. This article summarizes the antibacterial properties and clinical applications of AuNP against different kinds of bacteria and analyzes and discusses its existing and potential antibacterial mechanisms. At the same time, we also put forward the current challenges and problems to be solved by AuNP and look forward to its future development prospects, in order to correctly and comprehensively introduce this new antibacterial method.

中文翻译：

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金纳米粒子：其抗菌应用和机理的最新进展

金纳米粒子（AuNP）是一种应用于生物医学领域的新型金属纳米材料。与普通金属材料和其他金属纳米材料相比，AuNP 可以非常独特。AuNP已被证明对多种病原体具有良好的性能，其抗菌活性和机制的研究也成为近年来的热门话题。本文总结了AuNP对不同种类细菌的抗菌特性和临床应用，分析讨论了其现有和潜在的抗菌机制。同时，我们也提出了AuNP目前面临的挑战和需要解决的问题，展望其未来的发展前景，以期正确、全面地介绍这种新型抗菌方法。