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What is a species in fungal plant pathogens?
Fungal Diversity ( IF 20.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-11 , DOI: 10.1007/s13225-021-00484-8
Ruvishika S. Jayawardena 1, 2, 3 , Kevin D. Hyde 1, 2, 3, 4 , Ishara S. Manawasinghe 1 , Antonio Roberto Gomes de Farias 2, 5 , Chitrabhanu S. Bhunjun 2, 3 , Achala J. Gajanayake 2, 3 , Binu C. Samarakoon 2, 3 , Digvijayini Bundhun 2, 3 , Deecksha Gomdola 2, 3 , Naruemon Huanraluek 2 , Ya-ru Sun 2, 3 , Xia Tang 2, 3 , Himashi S. Ferdinandez 6 , Dimuthu S. Manamgoda 6 , Dhanushka Udayanga 7 , Indunil S. Herath 7 , Kasun M. Thambugala 8 , Itthayakorn Promputtha 4 , Marco Thines 9, 10
Affiliation  

Scientific names are crucial for communicating knowledge concerning fungi and fungus-like organisms. In plant pathology, they link information regarding biology, host range, distribution and potential risk to agriculture and food security. In the past, delimitation among pathogenic taxa was primarily based on morphological characteristics. Due to distinct species sharing overlapping characteristics, the morphological identification of species is often neither straightforward nor reliable. Hence, the phylogenetic species concept based on molecular phylogenetic reconstructions gained importance. The present opinion discusses what a fungal species is and how identification of species in plant pathology has changed over the past decades. In this context, host-specialization and species complexes are discussed. Furthermore, species concepts in plant pathology are examined using case studies from Bipolaris, Colletotrichum, Curvularia, Diaporthe, Diplodia, Meliola, Plasmopara, rust fungi and Trichoderma. Each entry contains a brief introduction to the genus, concepts used in species identification so far and the problems in describing a species followed by recommendations. The importance of correctly naming and identifying a species is addressed in the context of recent introductions, and we also discuss whether the introduction of new species in pathogenic genera has been overestimated. We also provide guidelines to be considered when introducing a new species in a plant pathogenic genus.



中文翻译:

真菌植物病原体中的一个物种是什么?

科学名称对于传播有关真菌和类真菌生物的知识至关重要。在植物病理学中,它们将有关生物学、宿主范围、分布以及农业和粮食安全潜在风险的信息联系起来。过去,病原分类群的划分主要基于形态特征。由于具有重叠特征的不同物种,物种的形态识别通常既不直接也不可靠。因此,基于分子系统发育重建的系统发育物种概念变得重要。本意见讨论了真菌物种是什么以及植物病理学中物种的识别在过去几十年中发生了怎样的变化。在这种情况下,讨论了宿主专业化和物种复合体。此外,炭疽病弯孢霉Diaporthe色二孢Meliola霜霉病,锈病真菌和木霉。每个条目都包含对该属的简要介绍、迄今为止在物种鉴定中使用的概念以及在描述物种时遇到的问题以及建议。正确命名和识别物种的重要性在最近引入的背景下得到解决,我们还讨论了在致病属中引入新物种是否被高估了。我们还提供了在植物病原属中引入新物种时需要考虑的指南。

更新日期:2021-08-11
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