Cereal grain-derived protein hydrolysates exert beneficial effects for human health, thus utilization of by-products with high protein content has drawn attention. In this study, hot water extraction of rice husk has been optimized to obtain protein hydrolysate with the highest anticancer activity. The optimum protein value was obtained as 2.40 g/L corresponding to 43.2 g protein/kg dried rice husk under the conditions of 60 °C, 2.0 mL/min flow rate and pH 10.0. The protein hydrolysate was encapsulated with chitosan, where the mean particle size of protein hydrolysate (0.3 %) loaded chitosan nanoparticles was 256.4 ± 33.4 nm with 89 % encapsulation efficiency and a 65% release at the end of 6 days. Cytotoxicity assays showed that the lowest cell viabilities have been achieved with A549 and MCF7 cells with IC₅₀ values of 1.98 and 3.58 µg/mL, respectively, whereas nuclear fragmentation and apoptotic bodies were observed through Hoechst 33342 staining. The cytotoxic effect might be associated with the wide variety of peptide/protein subunits ranging from 10 kDa to more than 180 kDa in the protein hydrolysate of rice husk.

谷类蛋白水解物对人体健康有益，高蛋白副产物的利用备受关注。本研究对稻壳的热水提取进行了优化，以获得具有最高抗癌活性的蛋白质水解物。在60°C、2.0 mL/min流速和pH 10.0的条件下，获得的最佳蛋白质值为2.40 g/L，对应于43.2 g蛋白质/kg干稻壳。蛋白质水解物用壳聚糖封装，其中蛋白质水解物 (0.3  %) 负载的壳聚糖纳米颗粒的平均粒径为 256.4 ± 33.4 nm， 封装效率为 89 %，6 天后释放率为 65%。细胞毒性试验表明，使用 IC 的 A549 和 MCF7 细胞实现了最低的细胞活力_{50 个}值分别为 1.98 和 3.58 µg/mL，而通过 Hoechst 33342 染色观察到核碎裂和凋亡小体。细胞毒作用可能与稻壳蛋白质水解物中从 10 kDa 到超过 180 kDa 的多种肽/蛋白质亚基有关。