Direct phase modulation is one of the most urgent and difficult issues in the terahertz research area. Here, we propose a new method employing a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) perturbation microstructure unit coupled to a transmission line to realize high-precision digital terahertz phase manipulation. We induce local perturbation resonances to manipulate the phase of guided terahertz waves. By controlling the electronic transport characteristics of the 2DEG using an external voltage, the strength of the perturbation can be manipulated, which affects the phase of the guided waves. This external control permits electronic manipulation of the phase of terahertz waves with high precision, as high as 2−5° in the frequency range 0.26–0.27 THz, with an average phase error of only 0.36°, corresponding to a timing error of only 4 fs. Critically, the average insertion loss is as low as 6.14 dB at 0.265 THz, with a low amplitude fluctuation of 0.5 dB, so the device offers near-ideal phase-only modulation.

直接相位调制是太赫兹研究领域最紧迫和最困难的问题之一。在这里，我们提出了一种采用耦合到传输线的二维电子气（2DEG）微扰微结构单元来实现高精度数字太赫兹相位操作的新方法。我们诱导局部扰动共振来操纵引导太赫兹波的相位。通过使用外部电压控制 2DEG 的电子传输特性，可以操纵扰动的强度，从而影响导波的相位。这种外部控制允许对太赫兹波的相位进行高精度电子操纵，在 0.26-0.27 THz 频率范围内高达 2-5°，平均相位误差仅为 0.36°，对应的时间误差仅为 4 fs。至关重要的是，