The nature of inter- and intracellular carbohydrate-protein interactions that determine an inhibitory or productive biological function was investigated using glycovesicles as a synthetic membrane system. The ligand densities hold the key to the interactions occurring through either intramolecular or aggregative modes of binding. Nanomolar binding affinities govern these modes, within which the in-plane mode is more efficacious than the aggregative intermolecular interactions.

中文翻译：

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配体的表面密度控制多价糖囊凝集素识别的平面内和聚集模式

使用糖泡作为合成膜系统研究了决定抑制性或生产性生物学功能的细胞间和细胞内碳水化合物-蛋白质相互作用的性质。配体密度是通过分子内或聚集结合模式发生的相互作用的关键。纳摩尔结合亲和力支配这些模式，其中面内模式比聚集的分子间相互作用更有效。