Abstract

A comparative analysis of the life cycle of powertrains based on internal combustion engines powered by diesel fuel and natural gas, on batteries, and on hydrogen fuel cells was made. The inventory information on the stages of the life cycle of powertrains was collected, including production of structural materials and assembling of powertrain components, production of fuel and power, operation, and recycling/disposal after the service life completion. The results of comprehensive estimation of the energy consumption and СО₂ emissions in the life cycle are presented. The structure of the electric power production in the Moscow oblast was used for the comprehensive estimation of the parameters. The cost of hydrogen at which the powertrains based on fuel cells become economically competitive was estimated.

中文翻译：

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莫斯科州条件下基于电池、氢燃料电池和内燃机的城市公交车动力总成生命周期评估

摘要

对基于柴油和天然气驱动的内燃机、电池和氢燃料电池的动力总成生命周期进行了比较分析。收集动力总成生命周期各阶段的库存信息，包括结构材料生产和动力总成零部件组装、燃料和动力生产、运行以及使用寿命结束后的回收/处置。给出了全生命周期能耗和СО ₂排放综合估算结果。莫斯科州的电力生产结构被用于参数的综合估计。估算了基于燃料电池的动力系统在经济上具有竞争力的氢成本。