Heavy metal pollution in agricultural soils poses a direct threat to food safety and human health. It has been shown that the colloids is the carrier of heavy metal transport in the polluted soil by heavy metals, but the sources of heavy metals in the soil and colloids and their interrelations are not transparent at present. This study aims to investigate the distribution characteristics of heavy metals in agricultural soils near mining areas, and reveal the relevance of heavy metal content in colloids with total content in soils and their chemical species in soils. Results showed that the concentrations of Mn, Zn, and Pb in agricultural soils and colloids were higher than those of other heavy metals. The content of heavy metals in colloids was positively correlated with the total content of heavy metals in soil. Heavy metals in soil could be easily combined by humus-like substances and tryptophan-like protein in the colloids. The primary source of heavy metals in soil and colloids was mining activities. This study provides theoretical support for revealing the pollution characteristics and migration of heavy metals in agricultural soils and colloids around mining areas.

农业土壤中的重金属污染对食品安全和人类健康构成直接威胁。已有研究表明，胶体是重金属污染土壤中重金属运输的载体，但土壤中重金属的来源与胶体及其相互关系目前尚不明确。本研究旨在调查矿区附近农田土壤中重金属的分布特征，揭示胶体中重金属含量与土壤总含量及其化学种类的相关性。结果表明，农田土壤和胶体中Mn、Zn、Pb的含量均高于其他重金属。胶体中重金属的含量与土壤中重金属的总含量呈正相关。土壤中的重金属很容易被胶体中的腐殖质类物质和色氨酸类蛋白质结合。土壤和胶体中重金属的主要来源是采矿活动。本研究为揭示矿区周边农田土壤和胶体中重金属的污染特征及迁移规律提供理论支持。