The investigation of perceptions and behaviors associated with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in different societies has indicated that mere attention to biological and medical aspects is not enough to prevent and control diseases and it is necessary to know the disease-associated behaviors and beliefs. The present study aimed to answer a question: what are the behaviors and perceptions associated with cutaneous leishmaniasis in endemic regions of the world?. This study is a review of the articles published on CL from January 2010 to January 2021, on the International databases Science Direct, Scopus and PubMed. We utilized the terms cutaneous leishmaniasis, in combination with some keywords, including belief, perceptions, knowledge, attitude, practices, prevention, and behavior. Non-original studies, including editorials, reviews, prefaces, brief communications, and letters to the editor, CL epidemiological articles, pre-published articles that has not been peer reviewed, and articles that not provide complete findings on CL-related perceptions and behaviors were excluded from the present paper. After screening, 25 articles from 17 regions of the world were included in the study. The results depicted a novel classification of behaviors and perceptions related to CL prevention and control. Two positive and negative categories of perceptions and behaviors were discovered. Positive perceptions and behaviors were classified into five categories, including: 1- good awareness, 2- perceived susceptibility, 3- perceived severity, 4- perceived response efficiency, and 5- appropriate behaviors. Furthermore, negative perceptions and behaviors were classified into four categories: 1- poor awareness 2- misconceptions (A. About the disease vector B.about the cause of the disease, C. about the consequences of the disease and the treatment process), 3- perceived barriers (A. in prevention, B. in medical treatment), and 4- misbehaviors (A. negligence, B. local and traditional behavioral patterns). In most endemic parts of the world, misconceptions are probably the leading cause of several misbehaviors in dealing with CL. It seems that providing educational programs to strengthen positive beliefs and correct negative beliefs are rooted in the studies in different countries and could be useful for improving the relevant behaviors and ultimately, taking a step towards the prevention and control of CL.

对不同社会对皮肤利什曼病 (CL) 相关认知和行为的调查表明，仅关注生物学和医学方面不足以预防和控制疾病，需要了解与疾病相关的行为和信念。本研究旨在回答一个问题：在世界流行地区，与皮肤利什曼病相关的行为和观念是什么？本研究是对 2010 年 1 月至 2021 年 1 月在 CL 上发表在国际数据库 Science Direct、Scopus 和 PubMed 上的文章的综述。我们使用术语皮肤利什曼病，结合一些关键词，包括信念、观念、知识、态度、做法、预防和行为。非原创研究，包括社论、评论、前言、简短的交流和致编辑的信函、CL 流行病学文章、未经同行评审的预发表文章以及未提供有关 CL 相关认知和行为的完整发现的文章都被排除在本论文之外。经过筛选，来自世界 17 个地区的 25 篇文章被纳入研究。结果描述了与 CL 预防和控制相关的行为和感知的新分类。发现了两种正面和负面的认知和行为类别。积极的认知和行为分为五类，包括：1-良好的意识，2-感知的易感性，3-感知的严重性，4-感知的反应效率和5-适当的行为。此外，负面的看法和行为分为四类：1- 认识不足 2- 误解（A. 关于疾病载体 B. 关于疾病的原因，C. 关于疾病的后果和治疗过程）， 3- 感知障碍（A. 在预防中，B. 在医疗）和 4- 不当行为（A. 疏忽，B. 当地和传统行为模式）。在世界上大多数流行地区，误解可能是处理 CL 时出现的几种不当行为的主要原因。似乎提供加强积极信念和纠正消极信念的教育计划植根于不同国家的研究，可能有助于改善相关行为，并最终朝着预防和控制 CL 迈出一步。关于疾病和治疗过程的后果），3- 感知障碍（A. 预防，B. 医疗），和 4- 不当行为（A. 疏忽，B. 当地和传统行为模式）。在世界上大多数流行地区，误解可能是处理 CL 时出现的几种不当行为的主要原因。似乎提供加强积极信念和纠正消极信念的教育计划植根于不同国家的研究，可能有助于改善相关行为，并最终朝着预防和控制 CL 迈出一步。关于疾病和治疗过程的后果），3- 感知障碍（A. 预防，B. 医疗），和 4- 不当行为（A. 疏忽，B. 当地和传统行为模式）。在世界上大多数流行地区，误解可能是处理 CL 时出现的几种不当行为的主要原因。似乎提供加强积极信念和纠正消极信念的教育计划植根于不同国家的研究，可能有助于改善相关行为，并最终朝着预防和控制 CL 迈出一步。在处理 CL 时，误解可能是导致几种不当行为的主要原因。似乎提供加强积极信念和纠正消极信念的教育计划植根于不同国家的研究，可能有助于改善相关行为，并最终朝着预防和控制 CL 迈出一步。在处理 CL 时，误解可能是导致几种不当行为的主要原因。似乎提供加强积极信念和纠正消极信念的教育计划植根于不同国家的研究，可能有助于改善相关行为，并最终朝着预防和控制 CL 迈出一步。