Aggregates of spherical carbon nanostructures were grown directly on stainless steel substrate in a controllable co-flow diffusion flame. The flow rates of fuel and oxidizer were found to have a key influence on the size of the synthesized particles. At fuel to oxidizer flow rate ratio of 0.7, carbon nanostructures with diameter range of 24–46nm were obtained. However, the diameter was reduced to 6–15nm as we decrease the flow rate ratio to 0.14. Apart from decrease in crystallite and particle size revealed by XRD spectra and HRTEM images, respectively, the Raman spectra showed the decrease in disorder-induced features at lower flow rate ratio.

中文翻译：

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火焰合成碳纳米结构的粒度对燃料和氧化剂流速的依赖性

球形碳纳米结构的聚集体在可控的共流扩散火焰中直接生长在不锈钢基板上。发现燃料和氧化剂的流速对合成颗粒的尺寸有关键影响。在燃料与氧化剂流量比为 0.7 时，直径范围为 24-46 的碳纳米结构获得纳米。但是，直径减小到 6-15nm，因为我们将流速比降低到 0.14。除了 XRD 光谱和 HRTEM 图像分别显示微晶和粒径减小外，拉曼光谱显示在较低流速比下无序诱导特征的减少。