Herein, the properties of broadband dielectric spectra up to THz–infrared range of the (1 − x)BaTiO₃-xBaZrO₃ (BZT-x) solid solution are reviewed and complemented. This includes the proper ferroelectric (x = 0), diffuse ferroelectrics (0 < x ≤ 0.2), relaxor ferroelectrics (0.4 ≤ x ≤ 0.8), dipolar glasses (x > 0.8), and the normal dielectric (x = 1). The spectra are characterized by an overdamped central mode in the microwave range which weakens on cooling. Except for BaTiO₃, the soft mode and central mode do not soften appreciably and do not contribute substantially to the low-frequency permittivity maximum. The most important dielectric contribution is brought by Cole–Cole relaxation assigned to hopping of Ti ions in the BaTiO₃ clusters, which obeys the Arrhenius law with a common activation energy for the whole relaxor range of E _a ≈ 181±17 meV and broadens on cooling as described by a temperature-independent distribution of activation energies. It follows that the polar nanoregions within the BaTiO₃ clusters remain very small with temperature-independent size and frozen boundaries, even if the Ti ions inside them are hopping. This differs from the usual lead-containing relaxors, in which the polar nanoregions grow on cooling and follow the glass-like freezing.

中文翻译：

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BaTiO3–BaZrO3 固溶体的宽带电介质、太赫兹和红外光谱：从漫反射和弛豫铁电体和偶极玻璃到正常电介质的适当铁电体

在本文中，回顾和补充了 (1 - x )BaTiO ₃ - x BaZrO ₃ (BZT- x ) 固溶体在太赫兹-红外范围内的宽带介电光谱的性质 。这包括适当的铁电体 ( x  = 0)、扩散铁电体 (0 <  x  ≤ 0.2)、弛豫铁电体 (0.4 ≤  x  ≤ 0.8)、偶极玻璃 ( x  > 0.8) 和正常电介质 ( x  = 1)。光谱的特征在于微波范围内的过阻尼中心模式，其在冷却时减弱。BaTiO ₃除外，软模式和中心模式不会明显软化，并且对低频介电常数最大值没有实质性贡献。最重要的介电贡献是由分配给 BaTiO ₃簇中 Ti 离子跳跃的 Cole-Cole 弛豫带来的，它遵循阿伦尼乌斯定律，对于E _a  ≈ 181±17 meV的整个弛豫范围具有共同的活化能，并在冷却如活化能的温度无关分布所描述的。因此，BaTiO ₃内的极性纳米区域簇仍然非常小，具有与温度无关的大小和冻结边界，即使它们内部的 Ti 离子正在跳跃。这不同于通常的含铅弛豫，其中极性纳米区域在冷却时生长并跟随玻璃状冻结。