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Delineation of shallow groundwater potential zones using integrated hydrogeophysical and topographic analyses, western Saudi Arabia
Journal of King Saud University-Science ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-10 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2021.101559
Essam A. Morsy 1, 2 , Abdullah Othman 1, 3
Affiliation  

Groundwater potentiality mapping is currently receiving more attention, particularly in arid regions, where natural freshwater resources are limited and scarce and instead costly unconventional methods such as seawater desalination are widely used to satisfy water demands. Water demand in Makkah city is considered a vital task, which receives millions of visitors every year for religious purposes. The present study evaluates the potential zones of groundwater in the southwest Makkah city applying hydrogeophysical modeling approach that integrates geoelectrical resistivity in form of vertical electrical sounding (VES), ground-penetrating radar (GPR), and topographic analyses. VES results indicate five main geoelectric layers: (1) dry wadi-fill deposits with a true resistivity varying from 73 to 650 Ohm.m and average thickness of 3.14 m, (2) partially saturated sands with a resistivity range between 19 and 43 Ohm.m and average thickness of 13 m, (3) water-bearing layer of saturated sands with a resistivity range between 55 and 110 Ohm.m, and average thickness of 52 m, (4) highly fractured diorite rocks with resistivity values ranging from 750 to 1450 Ohm.m and average thickness of 1.5 m, and (5) fresh diorite basement rocks with a resistivity of more than 4000 Ohm.m. Results of GPR profiles support the gained results of the VES technique, and together they are confirmed by the wells data. The integrated results suggest a structural control on the groundwater accumulation and call for a detailed mapping of alluvium-covered faults to provide a high-resolution mapping of groundwater occurrences and ensure environmental sustainability in southwest Makkah city.



中文翻译:

使用综合水文地球物理和地形分析划定浅层地下水潜在区,沙特阿拉伯西部

地下水潜力测绘目前受到越来越多的关注,特别是在干旱地区,那里的天然淡水资源有限且稀缺,而广泛使用海水淡化等成本高昂的非常规方法来满足用水需求。麦加市的用水需求被认为是一项至关重要的任务,每年都会接待数百万出于宗教目的的游客。本研究应用水文地球物理建模方法评估了麦加市西南部地下水的潜在区域,该方法以垂直电测深 (VES)、探地雷达 (GPR) 和地形分析的形式整合了地电阻率。VES 结果表明五个主要地电层:(1) 干河道填充沉积物,真实电阻率从 73 到 650 Ohm.m 不等,平均厚度为 3.14 m,(2) 电阻率范围在 19 至 43 Ohm.m 之间,平均厚度为 13 m 的部分饱和砂层, (3) 电阻率范围在 55 至 110 Ohm.m 之间的饱和砂含水层,平均厚度为52 m,(4) 高度断裂的闪长岩,电阻率范围为 750 至 1450 Ohm.m,平均厚度为 1.5 m,和 (5) 新鲜闪长岩基底岩石,电阻率超过 4000 Ohm.m。GPR 剖面的结果支持 VES 技术获得的结果,并且它们一起被井数据证实。综合结果表明对地下水积累的结构控制,并要求对冲积层覆盖的断层进行详细绘图,以提供地下水发生的高分辨率绘图,并确保麦加市西南部的环境可持续性。

更新日期:2021-08-19
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