The production of biocompatible nanocarriers, to induce a controlled, sustained and/or targeted drug delivery, is a fascinating nanotechnology challenge. Among the possible nanocarriers, niosomes are non-ionic compounds, with a lipophilic tail and a hydrophilic head, that can self-assemble in aqueous dispersions and can show a good stability over time. In this work, a continuous process, assisted by supercritical CO₂, was used for the production of empty and theophylline loaded niosomes. The optimal results, in terms of niosomes nanometric dimension and stability verified up to 30 days, were obtained processing an ethanolic solution at a 90/10 Span® 80 to Tween® 80 ratio. A drug encapsulation efficiency of 85 % was measured when the supercritical process was carried out using a water flow rate of 1 mL/min. Theophylline release time was prolonged up to 5-folds, when this active compound was loaded in niosomes prepared at the largest surfactant to water ratio (100 mg/g).

生产生物相容性纳米载体以诱导受控、持续和/或靶向药物递送，是一项引人入胜的纳米技术挑战。在可能的纳米载体中，niosomes 是非离子化合物，具有亲脂尾部和亲水头部，可以在水分散体中自组装，并且随着时间的推移表现出良好的稳定性。在这项工作中，一个连续的过程，由超临界 CO ₂, 用于生产空的和负载茶碱的 niosomes。在 niosomes 纳米尺寸和稳定性方面的最佳结果已验证长达 30 天，是通过以 90/10 Span® 80 与 Tween® 80 比率处理乙醇溶液而获得的。当使用 1 mL/min 的水流速进行超临界过程时，测得药物包封率为 85%。当这种活性化合物负载在以最大表面活性剂与水的比例 (100 mg/g) 制备的 niosome 中时，茶碱的释放时间延长了 5 倍。