Purpose

The COVID-19 pandemic and efforts to slow the spread of disease have particularly affected the lives of adolescents. Many studies have recently identified the risks to adolescent mental health posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, yet few have identified the markers of resilience to the events and concerns associated with the pandemic's lived experience. This study examined the moderating role of psychosocial resources in the association between the tangible and emotional experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic and symptoms of common psychiatric problems during adolescence (depression, anxiety, proactive and reactive aggression, and sleep problems).

Methods

Participants were adolescents in the United States who were oversampled for early life adversity before the COVID-19 pandemic. The psychosocial resources assessed were humor styles, emotion regulation, social support, optimism, and purpose in life, which have previously been identified as protective in the acute aftermath of stressful events.

Results

Greater COVID-19 impact was associated with more anxiety, depressive symptoms, sleep disturbance, and proactive aggression. COVID-19 impact and psychiatric symptoms were unrelated among youth reporting high self-enhancing humor and cognitive reappraisal.

Conclusions

Adolescents high in humor and cognitive reappraisal may be protected against the mental health correlates of the COVID-19 pandemic and other prolonged stressors. Importantly, these factors are known to be modifiable through behavioral interventions. Attention to their effectiveness in prevention and intervention studies is needed as the pandemic continues to exert its impact on individuals and society.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 大流行期间青少年恢复力的预测因素：认知重新评估和幽默

目的

COVID-19 大流行和减缓疾病传播的努力尤其影响了青少年的生活。许多研究最近确定了 COVID-19 大流行对青少年心理健康构成的风险，但很少有人确定对事件的适应能力和与大流行生活经历相关的担忧的标志。本研究调查了心理社会资源在 COVID-19 大流行的有形和情感体验与青春期常见精神问题症状（抑郁、焦虑、主动和被动攻击以及睡眠问题）之间的关系中的调节作用。

方法

参与者是美国的青少年，他们在 COVID-19 大流行之前因早期生活逆境而被过度抽样。评估的社会心理资源包括幽默风格、情绪调节、社会支持、乐观主义和生活目标，这些资源以前被认为在压力事件的急性后果中具有保护作用。

结果

更大的 COVID-19 影响与更多的焦虑、抑郁症状、睡眠障碍和主动攻击有关。COVID-19 的影响和精神症状与报告高度自我提升幽默和认知重新评估的青年无关。

结论

幽默感和认知重新评估能力强的青少年可能会受到保护，免受 COVID-19 大流行和其他长期压力源的心理健康相关因素的影响。重要的是，已知这些因素可以通过行为干预来改变。随着大流行继续对个人和社会产生影响，需要关注它们在预防和干预研究中的有效性。