Hyperandrogenism is a key pathologic characteristic of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and exercise can alleviate the accompanying inflammation and decrease the high androgen levels, but the mechanism is still unclear, so the purpose of this study is to explore the pathophysiologic characteristics of hyperandrogenic PCOS and the mechanism underlying its amelioration with aerobic exercise. Thirty-two female rats were randomly allocated to a normal control group (NC, n = 8), exercise control group (EC, n = 8), PCOS group (PC, n = 8), and PCOS plus exercise group (PE, n = 8). The PC and PE groups were injected with a dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) solution to induce the hyperandrogenic PCOS rat model. The EC and PE groups underwent a Masashi swimming protocol (120 min per session, 6 days/week, for 15 days). Results indicated that the concentrations of leptin (LP) in the EC group were significantly lower than those in the NC group (). Compared with the NC group, the levels of testosterone (T), estradiol (E₂), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), LP, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and free fatty acids (FFA) were all significantly augmented in the PC group (all ). In addition, compared with the NC group, the levels of adiponectin (ADP) were significantly decreased (), and the expression of aromatase cytochrome P450 (P450arom) in ovarian tissue was significantly elevated in the PC group (). The levels of T, FSH, LP, and FFA were also significantly increased in the PE group (). Compared with the PC group, the levels of T and LP in the PE group were significantly diminished (), and the levels of ADP were significantly increased in the PE group (). T was positively correlated with E₂, FSH, AMH, LP, TNF-α, IL-6, and FFA levels, while ADP was negatively correlated with LP and E₂. These results showed that hyperandrogenism, chronic low-grade inflammation, and leptin resistance may interact to influence the occurrence and development of PCOS. Aerobic exercise can alleviate the internal inflammation by relieving leptin resistance and may mitigate the sex hormone disorder and hyperandrogenism in rats with PCOS by affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis.

中文翻译：

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有氧运动对高雄激素多囊卵巢综合征大鼠的影响

高雄激素血症是多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）的关键病理特征，运动可以减轻伴随的炎症，降低高雄激素水平，但机制尚不清楚，因此本研究的目的是探讨高雄激素PCOS的病理生理特征。及其通过有氧运动改善的机制。将 32 只雌性大鼠随机分配到正常对照组（NC，n  = 8）、运动对照组（EC，n  = 8）、PCOS 组（PC，n  = 8）和 PCOS 加运动组（PE，n = 8）。PC组和PE组注射脱氢表雄酮(DHEA)溶液诱导高雄激素PCOS大鼠模型。EC 和 PE 组接受了 Masashi 游泳方案（每次 120 分钟，每周 6 天，持续 15 天）。结果表明，EC组瘦素（LP）浓度显着低于NC组（）。与NC组相比，睾酮(T)、雌二醇(E ₂ )、促卵泡激素(FSH)、LP、抗苗勒管激素(AMH)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF- α )、白细胞介素的水平-6 (IL-6) 和游离脂肪酸 (FFA) 在 PC 组中均显着增加（所有）。此外，与NC组相比，脂联素（ADP）水平显着降低（）， PC组卵巢组织中芳香化酶细胞色素P450（P450arom）的表达显着升高（）。PE组的T、FSH、LP和FFA水平也显着升高（）。与PC组相比，PE组T、LP水平明显降低（)， PE组ADP水平显着升高(）。T与E ₂、FSH、AMH、LP、TNF- α、IL-6和FFA水平呈正相关，而ADP与LP和E ₂呈负相关。这些结果表明高雄激素血症、慢性低度炎症和瘦素抵抗可能相互作用影响PCOS的发生和发展。有氧运动可以通过减轻瘦素抵抗来减轻内部炎症，并可以通过影响下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴来减轻PCOS大鼠的性激素紊乱和雄激素过多症。