The accurate repair of DNA damage specifically the chromosomal double-strand breaks (DSBs) arising from exposure to physical or chemical agents, such as ionizing radiation (IR) and radiomimetic drugs is critical in maintaining genomic integrity. The DNA DSB response and repair is facilitated by hierarchical signaling networks that orchestrate chromatin structural changes specifically histone modifications which impact cell-cycle checkpoints through enzymatic activities to repair the broken DNA ends. Various histone posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation and ubiquitylation have been shown to play a role in DNA damage repair. Recent studies have provided important insights into the role of histone-specific modifications in sensing DNA damage and facilitating the DNA repair. Histone modifications have been shown to determine the pathway choice for repair of DNA DSBs. This review will summarize the role of important histone acetyltransferases MOF and Tip60 mediated acetylation in repair of DNA DSBs in eukaryotic cells.

准确修复 DNA 损伤，特别是由于暴露于物理或化学试剂（如电离辐射 (IR) 和放射模拟药物）而引起的染色体双链断裂 (DSB)，对于维持基因组完整性至关重要。DNA DSB 响应和修复通过协调染色质结构变化的分层信号网络促进，特别是组蛋白修饰，通过酶活性影响细胞周期检查点以修复断裂的 DNA 末端。各种组蛋白翻译后修饰如磷酸化、乙酰化、甲基化和泛素化已被证明在 DNA 损伤修复中发挥作用。最近的研究为组蛋白特异性修饰在感知 DNA 损伤和促进 DNA 修复中的作用提供了重要的见解。组蛋白修饰已被证明可以确定修复 DNA DSB 的途径选择。本综述将总结重要的组蛋白乙酰转移酶 MOF 和 Tip60 介导的乙酰化在真核细胞 DNA DSB 修复中的作用。