Experimental Gerontology ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111510 Estelle Balan 1 , Aurélie Diman 2 , Amandine Everard 3 , Henri Nielens 4 , Anabelle Decottignies 5 , Louise Deldicque 1
Both oxidative stress and telomere transcription are up-regulated by acute endurance exercise in human skeletal muscle. Whether and how life-long exercise training influences the antioxidant system response at transcriptional level and TERRA expression is unknown, especially during aging. Response to acute endurance exercise was investigated in muscle biopsies of 3 male subjects after 45 min of cycling. MCP-1 and SOD1 mRNA levels increased up to, 15-fold and 63%, respectively, after the cycling session while the mRNA levels of SOD2 were downregulated by 25%. The effects of chronic endurance exercise and aging were tested in the blood and muscle of 34 male subjects divided into four groups: young (YU) or old (OU) untrained, young (YT) or old (OT) trained cyclists. Long-term endurance training limited the age-dependent elevation in SOD1 (OT vs OU, −26%, P = 0.03) and the decline in SOD2 mRNA levels (OU vs YU, −41%, P = 0.04). A high endurance training status alleviated the age-related increase in the aging biological marker MCP-1 in plasma (OU vs YU, +48%, P = 0.005). Similar results were observed for telomeric transcription as the age-associated increase in 16p TERRA levels (OU vs YU, +39%, P = 0.001) was counteracted by a high endurance training status (OT vs OU, −63%, P = 0.0005). In conclusion, as MCP-1, we propose that the age-related TERRA accumulation might represent a novel biological marker of aging. Those aging-related increase expression might be alleviated by a high endurance training status. Whether those biological markers of aging are linked to an elevation of oxidative stress is still an open question. Therefore, whether the positive adaptations provided by endurance training indeed reduce oxidative stress, including at telomeres, and whether TERRA plays any role in this, need to be further investigated.
中文翻译:
耐力训练可减轻老年时人类骨骼肌中 MCP-1 和 TERRA 的积累
氧化应激和端粒转录都被人类骨骼肌的急性耐力运动上调。终身运动训练是否以及如何影响转录水平和 TERRA 表达的抗氧化系统反应尚不清楚,尤其是在衰老期间。在 3 名男性受试者骑自行车 45 分钟后的肌肉活检中研究了对急性耐力运动的反应。MCP-1和SOD1 mRNA 水平在骑行后分别增加了 15 倍和 63%,而SOD2的 mRNA 水平下调了 25%。在 34 名男性受试者的血液和肌肉中测试了慢性耐力运动和衰老的影响,这些受试者分为四组:年轻 (YU) 或年老 (OU) 未受过训练、年轻 (YT) 或年老 (OT) 受过训练的自行车手。长期耐力训练限制了SOD1的年龄依赖性升高(OT与OU,-26%,P = 0.03)和SOD2 mRNA 水平的下降(OU与YU,-41%,P = 0.04)。高耐力训练状态减轻了血浆中衰老生物标志物 MCP-1 与年龄相关的增加(OU vs YU,+48%,P = 0.005)。随着年龄相关的增加,端粒转录也观察到了类似的结果。16p TERRA水平(OU与YU,+39%,P = 0.001)被高耐力训练状态(OT与OU,-63%,P = 0.0005)抵消。总之,作为 MCP-1,我们认为与年龄相关的 TERRA 积累可能代表了一种新的衰老生物学标记。高耐力训练状态可能会减轻那些与衰老相关的增加表达。这些衰老的生物标志物是否与氧化应激的升高有关仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。因此,耐力训练提供的积极适应是否确实减少了氧化应激,包括端粒处的氧化应激,以及 TERRA 在这方面是否发挥任何作用,需要进一步研究。