Development of elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) biomaterials is widespread, but information critical for clinical deployment is limited, with biocompatibility studies focused on a narrow cross-section of ELP sequences. Macrophages can impair biomaterial systems by degrading or isolating the biomaterial and by activating additional immune functions. Their phagocytic response will reveal early immune biocompatibility of ELP nanoparticles (NPs). This study examines that response, induced by the adsorbed protein corona, as a function of ELP guest amino acid, chain length and NP diameter. The breadth of proteins adsorbed to ELP NPs varied, with valine-containing ELP NPs adsorbing fewer types of proteins than leucine-containing constructs. Particle diameter was also a factor, with smaller leucine-containing ELP NPs adsorbing the broadest range of proteins. Macrophage viability was unaffected by the ELP NPs, and their phagocytic capabilities were unimpeded except when incubated with a 500 nm valine-containing 40-mer. This NP significantly decreased the phagocytic capacity of macrophages relative to the control and to a corresponding 500 nm leucine-containing 40-mer. NP size and the proportion of opsonin to dysopsonin proteins likely influenced this outcome. These results suggest that certain combinations of ELP sequence and particle size can result in an adsorbed protein corona, which may hinder macrophage function.

中文翻译：

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弹性蛋白样多肽纳米粒氨基酸组成对非特异性蛋白吸附、巨噬细胞活力和吞噬作用的影响

弹性蛋白样多肽 (ELP) 生物材料的开发很普遍，但对临床部署至关重要的信息有限，生物相容性研究集中在 ELP 序列的狭窄横截面。巨噬细胞可以通过降解或分离生物材料以及激活额外的免疫功能来损害生物材料系统。它们的吞噬反应将揭示 ELP 纳米粒子 (NPs) 的早期免疫生物相容性。本研究检查了由吸附蛋白冠引起的反应，作为 ELP 客体氨基酸、链长和 NP 直径的函数。吸附到 ELP NPs 的蛋白质的广度各不相同，含缬氨酸的 ELP NPs 吸附的蛋白质类型少于含亮氨酸的构建体。粒径也是一个因素，较小的含有亮氨酸的 ELP NP 吸附范围最广的蛋白质。巨噬细胞活力不受 ELP NPs 的影响，它们的吞噬能力不受阻碍，除非与 500 nm 含缬氨酸的 40-mer 一起孵育。相对于对照和相应的 500 nm 含亮氨酸 40-mer，这种 NP 显着降低了巨噬细胞的吞噬能力。NP 大小和调理素与抗调理素蛋白的比例可能会影响这一结果。这些结果表明，ELP 序列和粒径的某些组合会导致吸附的蛋白冠，这可能会阻碍巨噬细胞的功能。相对于对照和相应的 500 nm 含亮氨酸 40-mer，这种 NP 显着降低了巨噬细胞的吞噬能力。NP 大小和调理素与抗调理素蛋白的比例可能会影响这一结果。这些结果表明，ELP 序列和粒径的某些组合会导致吸附的蛋白冠，这可能会阻碍巨噬细胞的功能。相对于对照和相应的 500 nm 含亮氨酸 40-mer，这种 NP 显着降低了巨噬细胞的吞噬能力。NP 大小和调理素与抗调理素蛋白的比例可能会影响这一结果。这些结果表明，ELP 序列和粒径的某些组合会导致吸附的蛋白冠，这可能会阻碍巨噬细胞的功能。