Graham Oppy has criticized several Thomistic versions of the cosmological argument in a series of publications over the years, most recently in a Religious Studies article responding to my book Five Proofs of the Existence of God. Here I reply to his criticisms, arguing that while Oppy raises important issues, a besetting weakness of his approach is a failure adequately to grapple with the metaphysical underpinnings of the arguments.

中文翻译：

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反对托马斯主义的宇宙论论证

格雷厄姆·奥皮多年来在一系列出版物中批评了几个托马斯主义版本的宇宙论论证，最近一次是在宗教研究回应我的书的文章上帝存在的五个证据. 在这里，我回应了他的批评，认为虽然 Oppy 提出了重要问题，但他的方法的一个令人困扰的弱点是未能充分应对论点的形而上学基础。