Abstract

A water-soluble nonionic surfactant hydrophobic monomer (AT100) was synthesized by esterification of acryloyl chloride with Triton X-100, after that, a nonionic hydrophobically associating polyacrylamide P(AM-AT100) was synthesized and used as drag reducer. They were characterized by IR and NMR. In fresh water, when the concentration of drag reducer reached 0.3 g·L⁻¹ (so called slick water), the viscosity was 3.86 mm²·s⁻¹ with a drag reduction rate up to 74.7%. After sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was added into the slick water, hydrophobic chains of SDS and hydrophobic units in P(AM-AT100) aggregated and micelles were likely formed, and this process was just like hydrophobic association. The viscosity of the slick water increased significantly, while the drag reduction rate of the mixed system decreased. With SDS concentration at 1.5 g·L⁻¹ and the drag reducer concentration at 0.3 g·L⁻¹, the drag reduction rate was 71.72% and viscosity was 6.25 mm²·s⁻¹, indicating that increasing viscosity had a significantly adverse effect on drag reduction performance. The proppant layup experiment confirmed that the sand-carrying capacity of low-viscosity slick water is limited, so proppant will settle inevitably.

摘要

丙烯酰氯与Triton X-100酯化合成水溶性非离子表面活性剂疏水单体(AT100)，然后合成非离子疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺P(AM-AT100)作为减阻剂。它们通过红外和核磁共振表征。在淡水中，当减阻剂浓度达到0.3 g·L ^-1时（即所谓的滑溜水），粘度为3.86 mm ² ·s ^-1减阻率高达74.7%。将十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)加入滑溜水中后，SDS的疏水链和P(AM-AT100)中的疏水单元发生聚集，可能形成胶束，这一过程类似于疏水缔合。滑溜水黏度显着增加，混合体系减阻率下降。SDS浓度为1.5 g·L ^-1，减阻剂浓度为0.3 g·L ^-1时，减阻率为71.72%，粘度为6.25 mm ² ·s ^-1，表明增加粘度对减阻性能有显着的不利影响。支撑剂铺层试验证实，低粘度滑溜水的携砂能力有限，支撑剂不可避免地发生沉降。