Cells are established to sense and respond to the properties, including nano- and microscale morphology, of the substrate they adhere to, which opens up the possibility to tailor bioactivity. With this background, the potential of tilted TiO₂ nanostructures grown by oblique angle sputtering to affect fibroblasts with particular focus on inducing anisotropy in cell behavior is explored. By depositing TiO₂ at different oblique angles relative to the substrate normal, morphologies, columnar tilt angle, roughness, and distances between neighbored nanocolumns can be adjusted. To assess bioactivity of the resulting structures, L929-mouse fibroblasts are seeded in vitro on TiO₂ nanostructured substrates. Angle-dependent movement and velocity distributions of the cells on differently tilted columns and a smooth reference sample are studied. Cell proliferation rates and cell areas are additional factors which provide information about viability and the well-being of cells. It could be shown that the local topography of the surface has an influence on the directed movement of the cells.

中文翻译：

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成纤维细胞对斜角溅射沉积纳米柱状 TiO2 结构的响应

细胞被建立以感知和响应它们粘附的基质的特性，包括纳米级和微米级形态，这开辟了定制生物活性的可能性。在此背景下，探索了通过斜角溅射生长的倾斜 TiO ₂纳米结构影响成纤维细胞的潜力，特别关注诱导细胞行为的各向异性。通过以相对于基板法线的不同倾斜角沉积 TiO ₂，可以调整形态、柱状倾斜角、粗糙度和相邻纳米柱之间的距离。为了评估所得结构的生物活性，将 L929 小鼠成纤维细胞体外接种到 TiO _{2 上}纳米结构的衬底。研究了细胞在不同倾斜柱和光滑参考样本上的角度相关运动和速度分布。细胞增殖率和细胞面积是提供有关细胞活力和健康状况信息的附加因素。可以证明，表面的局部地形对细胞的定向运动有影响。