Group Processes & Intergroup Relations ( IF 2.708 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-06 , DOI: 10.1177/13684302211028293 Milan Obaidi 1 , Jonas Kunst 1 , Simon Ozer 2 , Sasha Y. Kimel 3
Increased immigration and demographic changes have not only resulted in political pushback, but also in violent attacks against immigrants. Several recent terrorist attacks committed by White supremacists invoke rhetoric around a deliberate attempt to make Whites extinct and replace them with non-Western immigrants. Yet, while it is widely acknowledged among extremism researchers that this perception of orchestrated extinction or replacement has tremendous potential to lead to violent extremism, its consequences have not yet been directly examined. Using the Scandinavian context (e.g., Denmark and Norway), in two correlational studies and one experiment, we provide evidence that this perception is associated with the persecution of Muslims, violent intentions, and Islamophobia. Further, we demonstrate that these associations are mediated by symbolic threats. Conspiracy beliefs that one’s group is being replaced seem to drive hostile intergroup attitudes. We discuss the societal implications of this finding (i.e., generating fear, polarization, and hostile public opinion towards immigrants).
中文翻译:
“伟大的替代”阴谋:白人被驱逐的感知如何引发暴力极端主义和伊斯兰恐惧症
增加的移民和人口变化不仅导致政治上的阻力,而且还导致对移民的暴力袭击。白人至上主义者最近发动的几起恐怖袭击引发了关于蓄意企图使白人灭绝并用非西方移民取而代之的言论。然而,尽管极端主义研究人员普遍承认,这种精心策划的灭绝或替代的看法具有导致暴力极端主义的巨大潜力,但尚未直接研究其后果。使用斯堪的纳维亚语境(例如,丹麦和挪威),在两项相关研究和一项实验中,我们提供证据表明这种看法与对穆斯林的迫害、暴力意图和伊斯兰恐惧症有关。更远,我们证明这些关联是由象征性威胁介导的。一个人的群体正在被取代的阴谋信念似乎推动了敌对的群体间态度。我们讨论了这一发现的社会影响(即对移民产生恐惧、两极分化和敌对的舆论)。