Obesity is a state of energy imbalance characterized by inflammation, dysregulated autonomic nervous system function, altered brown adipose tissue activity, basal metabolic rate alterations, and changes at the psychological level. Adipose tissue is not only a metabolic organ but also an endocrine organ. Adipokines released by the fat cells play an important role in regulating the local metabolic processes and maintaining the homeostasis between food intake and energy balance. The most common pro-inflammatory cytokines involved are TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin, irisin, which are involved in the pathophysiology of obesity. Yoga as lifestyle-based intervention influences the adipokine levels, autonomic nervous system functioning, brown adipose tissue activity, basal metabolic rate, and stress levels in the body. With this, yoga can help bring back the energy balance and weight management in obese individuals.

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用于解释瑜伽介导的肥胖相关通路调节的假设模型

肥胖是一种能量失衡状态，其特征是炎症、自主神经系统功能失调、棕色脂肪组织活性改变、基础代谢率改变和心理层面的变化。脂肪组织不仅是代谢器官，也是内分泌器官。脂肪细胞释放的脂肪因子在调节局部代谢过程和维持食物摄入和能量平衡之间的稳态方面起着重要作用。最常见的促炎细胞因子是 TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1、瘦素、脂联素、抵抗素、内脂素、鸢尾素，它们与肥胖的病理生理有关。瑜伽作为基于生活方式的干预会影响体内脂肪因子水平、自主神经系统功能、棕色脂肪组织活动、基础代谢率和压力水平。