Electroencephalographic (EEG) correlates of errors, known as error-related potentials (ErrPs), provide promising tools to investigate error processing in the brain and to detect and correct errors induced by brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Visuo-motor rotation (VMR) is a well-known experimental paradigm to introduce visuo-motor errors that closely mimics directional errors induced by BCIs. However, investigations of ErrPs during VMR experiments are limited and reveals different ErrPs depending on task and synchronization. We conducted VMR experiments with 5 randomly selected conditions (no-rotation, small, $\pm 22.5°$, or large, $\pm 45°$ rotations) to hamper adaptation and facilitate investigation of the effect of error size. We tracked eye movements so EEG was synchronized not only to onset of movement correction (OMC) but also to saccadic movement onset (SMO). Kinematic analysis indicated that maximum deviations from a straight line to the target were larger in trials with large rotations compared to small or no rotations, but there was a large overlap. Thus, we also compared ErrPs generated by trials with different maximum deviations. Our results reveal that trials with large rotations and especially trials with large maximum deviations evoke a significant positive ErrP component. The positive peak appeared $380$ msec after SMO and $240$ msec after OMC. Furthermore, the positive peak was associated with activity in Brodmann areas 5 and 7, in agreement with other studies and with the role of posterior parietal cortex in reaching movements. The observed ErrP may facilitate further investigation of error processing in the brain and error detection and correction in BCIs.

与错误相关的脑电图 (EEG)，称为错误相关电位 (ErrPs)，为研究大脑中的错误处理以及检测和纠正由脑机接口 (BCI) 引起的错误提供了有前景的工具。视觉运动旋转 (VMR) 是一种众所周知的实验范式，用于引入与 BCI 引起的方向误差非常相似的视觉运动误差。然而，在 VMR 实验期间对 ErrP 的调查是有限的，并且根据任务和同步揭示了不同的 ErrP。我们在 5 个随机选择的条件下进行了 VMR 实验（无旋转、小、$\pm 22.5°$, 或大,$\pm 45°$旋转）以阻碍适应并促进对误差大小影响的调查。我们跟踪眼球运动，因此 EEG 不仅与运动校正 (OMC) 的开始同步，而且与扫视运动的开始 (SMO) 同步。运动学分析表明，与小旋转或无旋转相比，大旋转试验中直线到目标的最大偏差较大，但重叠较大。因此，我们还比较了具有不同最大偏差的试验产生的 ErrP。我们的结果表明，具有大旋转的试验，尤其是具有大最大偏差的试验会引起显着的正 ErrP 分量。正峰出现$380$SMO 之后的毫秒数和$240$OMC 之后的毫秒。此外，正峰值与布罗德曼区域 5 和 7 的活动相关，这与其他研究以及后顶叶皮层在到达运动中的作用一致。观察到的 ErrP 可能有助于进一步研究大脑中的错误处理以及 BCI 中的错误检测和纠正。