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Spontaneous perception: a framework for task-free, self-paced perception
Neuroscience of Consciousness Pub Date : 2021-08-04 , DOI: 10.1093/nc/niab016
Shira Baror 1 , Biyu J He 1
Affiliation  

Flipping through social media feeds, viewing exhibitions in a museum, or walking through the botanical gardens, people consistently choose to engage with and disengage from visual content. Yet, in most laboratory settings, the visual stimuli, their presentation duration, and the task at hand are all controlled by the researcher. Such settings largely overlook the spontaneous nature of human visual experience, in which perception takes place independently from specific task constraints and its time course is determined by the observer as a self-governing agent. Currently, much remains unknown about how spontaneous perceptual experiences unfold in the brain. Are all perceptual categories extracted during spontaneous perception? Does spontaneous perception inherently involve volition? Is spontaneous perception segmented into discrete episodes? How do different neural networks interact over time during spontaneous perception? These questions are imperative to understand our conscious visual experience in daily life. In this article we propose a framework for spontaneous perception. We first define spontaneous perception as a task-free and self-paced experience. We propose that spontaneous perception is guided by four organizing principles that grant it temporal and spatial structures. These principles include coarse-to-fine processing, continuity and segmentation, agency and volition, and associative processing. We provide key suggestions illustrating how these principles may interact with one another in guiding the multifaceted experience of spontaneous perception. We point to testable predictions derived from this framework, including (but not limited to) the roles of the default-mode network and slow cortical potentials in underlying spontaneous perception. We conclude by suggesting several outstanding questions for future research, extending the relevance of this framework to consciousness and spontaneous brain activity. In conclusion, the spontaneous perception framework proposed herein integrates components in human perception and cognition, which have been traditionally studied in isolation, and opens the door to understand how visual perception unfolds in its most natural context.

中文翻译:

自发感知:无任务、自定进度感知的框架

浏览社交媒体信息、在博物馆观看展览或在植物园中漫步,人们始终选择参与和脱离视觉内容。然而,在大多数实验室环境中,视觉刺激、它们的呈现持续时间和手头的任务都由研究人员控制。这种设置在很大程度上忽略了人类视觉体验的自发性,其中感知发生独立于特定的任务限制,其时间进程由作为自治代理的观察者决定。目前,关于自发的知觉体验如何在大脑中展开,仍有很多未知之处。在自发感知过程中是否提取了所有感知类别?自发知觉是否固有地包含意志?自发感知是否被分割成离散的情节?在自发感知过程中,不同的神经网络如何随时间相互作用?这些问题对于理解我们在日常生活中的有意识的视觉体验是必不可少的。在本文中,我们提出了一个自发感知的框架。我们首先将自发感知定义为无任务和自定进度的体验。我们建议自发感知由赋予其时间和空间结构的四个组织原则指导。这些原则包括从粗到细的处理、连续性和分割、代理和意志以及关联处理。我们提供了关键建议,说明这些原则如何在指导自发感知的多方面体验中相互影响。我们指出从该框架得出的可测试预测,包括(但不限于)默认模式网络的作用和潜在自发感知中的慢皮层电位。最后,我们为未来的研究提出了几个突出的问题,将这个框架的相关性扩展到意识和自发的大脑活动。总之,本文提出的自发感知框架整合了传统上孤立研究的人类感知和认知的组成部分,并为理解视觉感知如何在其最自然的环境中展开打开了大门。我们指出从该框架得出的可测试预测,包括(但不限于)默认模式网络的作用和潜在自发感知中的慢皮层电位。最后,我们为未来的研究提出了几个突出的问题,将这个框架的相关性扩展到意识和自发的大脑活动。总之,本文提出的自发感知框架整合了传统上孤立研究的人类感知和认知的组成部分,并为理解视觉感知如何在其最自然的环境中展开打开了大门。我们指出从该框架得出的可测试预测,包括(但不限于)默认模式网络的作用和潜在自发感知中的慢皮层电位。最后,我们为未来的研究提出了几个突出的问题,将这个框架的相关性扩展到意识和自发的大脑活动。总之,本文提出的自发感知框架整合了传统上孤立研究的人类感知和认知的组成部分,并为理解视觉感知如何在其最自然的环境中展开打开了大门。最后,我们为未来的研究提出了几个突出的问题,将这个框架的相关性扩展到意识和自发的大脑活动。总之,本文提出的自发感知框架整合了传统上孤立研究的人类感知和认知的组成部分,并为理解视觉感知如何在其最自然的环境中展开打开了大门。最后,我们为未来的研究提出了几个突出的问题,将这个框架的相关性扩展到意识和自发的大脑活动。总之,本文提出的自发感知框架整合了传统上孤立研究的人类感知和认知的组成部分,并为理解视觉感知如何在其最自然的环境中展开打开了大门。
更新日期:2021-08-04
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