Participation of older adults in daily activities has a major positive impact on health and contributes to a sense of accomplishment, satisfaction, self-efficacy, and well-being. Walking is considered to be one of the most influential activities promoting health and active living. Older adults are particularly vulnerable to their immediate local environment where age- related declined capabilities combined with barriers in the home neighborhood pose a risk of falling and fear of falls. Most research focusing on the built environment role in incidents of older adults' outdoor falls and fear of falls is focused on identifying the environmental features' risk factors. Effort is made to develop audit checklist tools to assess out-door falls risk. In contrast, this study focuses on the manifestation of fear of falls in older adults' walking activity spaces. We identify spatial walking patterns of outdoor daily activities in public urban spaces and examine the relations between fear of falls, risk of falling status, previous occurrence of fall incidents and number of medical diagnoses and walking activity spaces among older adults in different urban environments.

The analysis included 271 older adults (age 60+ with 70% females and 30% males), and 483 walking routes in three cities. A psychological measure related to mobility self-efficacy was evaluated by the Falls Efficacy Scale examining the fear of falling through a functional perspective. Motor evaluation was conducted by functional mobility evaluation through the Timed Up and Go (TUG) screening test which assesses the level of risk of falling. GIS analysis was conducted for mapping and identifying walking activity spaces. The analysis shows different walking activity spaces of people with high risk of falling and fear of falls in comparison to those with no risk and no fear of falling across gender and age groups (60–65, 66–74, and 75+). In this approach we show the outcome reflection of barriers and enablers and their revealed cumulative effect through walking activity spaces among older adults.

老年人参与日常活动对健康有重大的积极影响，有助于获得成就感、满足感、自我效能感和幸福感。步行被认为是最有影响力的促进健康和积极生活的活动之一。老年人特别容易受到当地环境的影响，在这些环境中，与年龄相关的能力下降加上家庭附近的障碍会导致跌倒和害怕跌倒的风险。大多数关注建筑环境在老年人户外跌倒和害怕跌倒事件中的作用的研究都集中在确定环境特征的风险因素上。努力开发审计清单工具以评估户外跌倒风险。相比之下，本研究侧重于老年人跌倒恐惧的表现。步行活动空间。我们确定了公共城市空间中户外日常活动的空间步行模式，并研究了不同城市环境中老年人对跌倒的恐惧、跌倒状态的风险、跌倒事件的既往发生率以及医疗诊断和步行活动空间之间的关系。

分析包括 271 名老年人（60 岁以上，女性占 70%，男性占 30%）和三个城市的 483 条步行路线。与流动性自我效能感相关的心理测量由跌倒效能量表评估，该量表通过功能角度检查跌倒的恐惧。运动评估是通过功能移动性评估通过 Timed Up and Go (TUG) 筛选测试进行的，该测试评估跌倒的风险水平。GIS 分析用于绘制和识别步行活动空间。分析显示，在不同性别和年龄组（60-65、66-74 和 75 岁以上）中，与没有跌倒风险和不害怕跌倒的人相比，跌倒高风险和跌倒恐惧人群的步行活动空间不同。