Solar heat storage technology is urgently needed to harness intermittent solar energy to directly drive widespread heat-related applications. However, achieving high-efficiency solar heat storage remains elusive due to the loss of heat to the surroundings, especially through radiative processes. Here, we present a bioinspired light-adaptive shutter (LAS) with a multi-layer architecture that autonomously switches between open and closed states according to solar illumination fluctuations because of a photothermal-expansion mismatch effect. As a result, in a LAS-integrated solar heat storage system, the LAS governs the incident and dissipated radiation, suppresses the radiative heat dissipation by 20 times, and achieves high-efficiency solar heat storage with a near-zero net radiative heat dissipation. Furthermore, a LAS is demonstrated to enhance the temperature by >20°C in a 3-day field test. Given excellent responsiveness, scalable manufacturing, and feasibility under wide operating conditions, the LAS provides a promising radiation management strategy for high-efficiency solar heat storage.

迫切需要太阳能蓄热技术来利用间歇性太阳能直接驱动广泛的热相关应用。然而，由于热量会散失到周围环境，特别是通过辐射过程，实现高效的太阳能蓄热仍然难以实现。在这里，我们提出了一种仿生光自适应快门 (LAS)，它具有多层架构，由于光热膨胀失配效应，可以根据太阳光照波动在打开和关闭状态之间自主切换。因此，在集成LAS的太阳能蓄热系统中，LAS控制入射辐射和耗散辐射，将辐射散热抑制20倍，实现净辐射散热接近于零的高效太阳能蓄热。此外，在为期 3 天的现场测试中，LAS 被证明可以将温度提高 >20°C。LAS 具有出色的响应能力、可扩展的制造能力和广泛操作条件下的可行性，为高效太阳能热存储提供了一种有前途的辐射管理策略。