Raw bentonite (RB) locally available in Mostaganem (Algeria) deposit has been treated in the presence of NaOH (B-NaOH), MgCl2 (B-MgCl2) and H2SO4 (B-H2SO4) to improve its adsorption ability for the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. Characterization of all adsorbents supported montmorillonite, illite and kaolinite as major clay minerals identified for the raw and treated bentonites and proved the aluminosilicate structure of the clays. In synthetic solutions, the adsorption equilibrium of copper onto RB, B-MgCl2 and B-H2SO4 is reached in 30 min. while, equilibrium is reached after 4 hours when using B-NaOH. The adsorption kinetics are well described by the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption of copper is pH-dependent. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms indicate a suitable fit between the experimental data and models. The corresponding parameters indicate that the sorption mechanism might be physical in nature. The maximum adsorption capacities of Langmuir that are obtained are in the following order 25.1 mg/g (RB) < 28.03 mg/g (B-H2SO4) < 39.89 mg/g (B-MgCl2) < 72.80 mg/g (B-NaOH). The removal efficiency of copper in industrial wastewater was 45.75 %, 55.22 %, 63.27 % and 70.39 % using RB, B-MgCl2, B-H2SO4 and B-NaOH, respectively. The B-NaOH exhibit a higher adsorption capacity of copper with the other tested bentonites.

中文翻译：

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优化工艺条件以提高阿尔及利亚膨润土原料和处理后的铜吸附能力：表征、动力学和平衡研究

在Mostaganem（阿尔及利亚）矿床当地可获得的原膨润土（RB）已在NaOH（B-NaOH）、MgCl2（B-MgCl2）和H2SO4（B-H2SO4）存在下进行处理，以提高其去除铜的吸附能力水溶液中的离子。所有吸附剂的表征均支持蒙脱石、伊利石和高岭石作为主要的粘土矿物，用于原始和处理后的膨润土，并证明了粘土的铝硅酸盐结构。在合成溶液中，铜在 RB、B-MgCl2 和 B-H2SO4 上的吸附平衡在 30 分钟内达到。而使用 B-NaOH 时，4 小时后达到平衡。吸附动力学由拟二级模型很好地描述。铜的吸附是依赖于 pH 值的。朗缪尔，Freundlich 和 Dubinin-Radushkevich 等温线表明实验数据和模型之间的合适拟合。相应的参数表明吸附机制可能是物理性质的。获得的 Langmuir 的最大吸附容量按以下顺序排列 25.1 mg/g (RB) < 28.03 mg/g (B-H2SO4) < 39.89 mg/g (B-MgCl2) < 72.80 mg/g (B-NaOH) ）。RB、B-MgCl2、B-H2SO4和B-NaOH对工业废水中铜的去除效率分别为45.75%、55.22%、63.27%和70.39%。B-NaOH 与其他测试的膨润土表现出更高的铜吸附能力。03 mg/g (B-H2SO4) < 39.89 mg/g (B-MgCl2) < 72.80 mg/g (B-NaOH)。RB、B-MgCl2、B-H2SO4和B-NaOH对工业废水中铜的去除效率分别为45.75%、55.22%、63.27%和70.39%。B-NaOH 与其他测试的膨润土表现出更高的铜吸附能力。03 mg/g (B-H2SO4) < 39.89 mg/g (B-MgCl2) < 72.80 mg/g (B-NaOH)。RB、B-MgCl2、B-H2SO4和B-NaOH对工业废水中铜的去除效率分别为45.75%、55.22%、63.27%和70.39%。B-NaOH 与其他测试的膨润土表现出更高的铜吸附能力。