ABSTRACT

Clinical supervision for advanced supervisees has more similarities than differences across therapeutic modalities. Research shows that supervisors, regardless of their therapeutic approach, use many common methods in their work. In the present paper, we describe the traits and aims of focusing-oriented supervision, which is suitable for many therapeutic approaches. We also examine two multi-approach supervision models with large acceptance in the scientific community, the developmental model with six stages by Skovholt and Rønnestad and the seven-eye process model by Hawkins and Shohet. Finally, we propose a combined model that includes both the developmental and the process character of supervision and which also incorporates the bodily process, which is facilitated by focusing-oriented supervision. It is appropriate for careful and tentative approaches with back-and-forth movements elaborating the supervisee’s blind spots, nuclear beliefs and psychological resistance. This model, metaphorically called ‘the duck shuffle mode’, is best suited for supervision with experienced therapists of almost any psychotherapeutic approach. Focusing-oriented supervision is also very useful for medical and health settings as it helps to protect the practitioner from compassion fatigue, stress and burnout and helps to improve the patient’s medical outcome.

摘要

高级受监督者的临床监督在不同治疗方式之间的相似性多于差异。研究表明，主管无论采用何种治疗方法，都会在工作中使用许多常用方法。在本文中，我们描述了适用于许多治疗方法的聚焦导向监督的特征和目标。我们还研究了两个在科学界得到广泛认可的多方法监督模型，Skovholt 和 Rønnestad 的具有六个阶段的发展模型，以及 Hawkins 和 Shohet 的七眼过程模型。最后，我们提出了一个组合模型，该模型既包括监督的发展特征和过程特征，又包含身体过程，这是由聚焦导向的监督所促进的。它适用于仔细和试探性的方法，来回运动，详细说明被监督者的盲点、核心信念和心理抵抗。这种模式，隐喻地称为“鸭子洗牌模式”，最适合由几乎所有心理治疗方法的经验丰富的治疗师进行监督。以专注为导向的监督对于医疗和健康环境也非常有用，因为它有助于保护从业者免受同情疲劳、压力和倦怠，并有助于改善患者的医疗结果。