Bacteria are one of the main groups of organisms, which dynamically and closely participate in human health and disease development. With the integration of chemical biotechnology, bacteria have been utilized as an emerging delivery system for various biomedical applications. Given the unique features of bacteria such as their intrinsic biocompatibility and motility, bacteria-based delivery systems have drawn wide interest in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases, including cancer, infectious diseases, kidney failure, and hyperammonemia. Notably, at the interface of chemical biotechnology and bacteria, many research opportunities have been initiated, opening a promising frontier in biomedical application. Herein, the current synergy of chemical biotechnology and bacteria, the design principles for bacteria-based delivery systems, the microbial modulation, and the clinical translation are reviewed, with a special focus on the emerging advances in diagnosis and therapy.

中文翻译：

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用于新兴诊断和高级治疗的化学和生物工程细菌递送系统

细菌是主要的生物群体之一，它们动态而密切地参与人类健康和疾病的发展。随着化学生物技术的整合，细菌已被用作各种生物医学应用的新兴递送系统。鉴于细菌的独特特性，例如其固有的生物相容性和运动性，基于细菌的递送系统在包括癌症、传染病、肾衰竭和高氨血症在内的各种疾病的诊断和治疗中引起了广泛的兴趣。值得注意的是，在化学生物技术和细菌的界面，许多研究机会已经开始，开辟了生物医学应用的前景广阔的前沿。在此，当前化学生物技术和细菌的协同作用，基于细菌的递送系统的设计原则，